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IPAP JUNIOR SEM. > NEED TO KNOW INFX Block I > Flashcards

NEED TO KNOW INFX Block I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the standard definition of Fever of unknown orgrin

A

Greater than 100.9 on several occasions

Uncertain Dx after one week of study in the hosptial

3 or more outpatient visits

Duration of fever for at least 3 weeks

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2
Q

What is the offending agent of Anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

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3
Q

Where is anthrax commonly found

A

Livestock hides ( cattle, sheep, goats, camels)

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4
Q

How is anthrax transmitted

A

Inhalation of spores

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5
Q

Is anthrax trasmitted person to person

A

NO

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6
Q

What is the ABX for ANTHRAX

A

Ciprofloxacin

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7
Q

What is the durration of Cutaneous Anthrax Tx

A

7-10 days of Cipro

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8
Q

What is the offending agent of Plague

A

Yersinia pestis

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9
Q

Where is plague still common in the US

A

NM, AZ, and CO (Hikers)

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10
Q

What are the three types of Plague

A

Bubonic, Septicemic, Pneumonic

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11
Q

Fleas carry what form of Plague

A

Bubonic

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12
Q

What is the vector for plegue

A

Fleas and Flea bites

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13
Q

A pt presents with a WBC count of 20,000 or more with increased bands, Low grade DIC, Elevated LFTs, and gram neg coccobacillus

Think

A

Plague

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14
Q

What is the bacteria responible for small pox

A

Variola

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15
Q

What is the herald S/s of Herpes

A

Tender regional lymphadenopathy

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16
Q

How does Herpes apear on a Txank smear

A

MNG cells, Muclinucleated Giant Cells

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17
Q

What is the Tx approach to Condyloma/ HPV

A

Prevention! With Gardisil

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18
Q

What are two major complications of gonorrhea in women

A

PID and cervical motion tenderness

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19
Q

A young pt presents with a swollen knee without truama and is sexually active… think

A

Disseminated gonoccocal infection!

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20
Q

A culture presents as gram negative intracellular diplococci…
Think.

A

Gonorrhea

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21
Q

What is the Tx approach for Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM

And DOxy 100 mg x 7 days to treat for chlamydia

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22
Q

What is the Tx of Choice for Chalmydia

A

Azithromycin 1 GM po

Or Doxy 100 mg Po q 12 hours x 7 days

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23
Q

An ulcer in the genitals that begins painless and then progresses to painful think…

A

Lymphogranuloma venerium

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24
Q

What is the virus responcible for Syphillis

A

Treponema pallidum

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25
Q

What is the onset of syphillis

A

Primary 3 weeks post exposure
Secondary within 6 months
Tertiary years

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26
Q

What is secondary syphillis

A

2-10 weeks after primary

rash on the palms or soles of feet

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27
Q

What is the Tx for BV

A

Metronidazole (flagyl)

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28
Q

What is the Tx for Chanchroid

A

Ceftriaxzone or Azithromycin

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29
Q

What is the DOC for granuloma inguinale

A

Azithrymycin

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30
Q

What is the Tx for head lice

A

Permethrin 1 %

31
Q

A pt presents with nighttime itching and tunneling think../.?

A

Scabies

32
Q

What is the Tx for Scabies

A

Permethrin 5%

33
Q

What Dz do Bedbugs commonly carry

A

Hep B

34
Q

What is the common cause of Hep A in the US

A

Raw oysters, seafood

35
Q

Hep E is usually benign except in what pt population

A

Pregnacy

25% mortality

36
Q

What is the first marker of Hep B innfection and what is it followed by

A

1st serum marker is HBsAG ( surface antigen)

Followed by IGM core AB
Followed by IGG core AB

Then 4-6 months later:
Anti surface ABs (which signifies immunity)

37
Q

What signifies immunnity or successful immunization to Hep B

A

Anti-HBs (surface ABs)

38
Q

Persistant HBsAg or Anti-HBc signifies

A

Chronic Hep B infection

39
Q

What is the median time to progression of cirrhosis in pts with Hep C

A

30 years

40
Q

What factors speed up the development of cirrhosis in pts with hep C

A 
Increased Alcohol intake 
Age > 40 
HIV co infection 
Male gender 
Or Chronic HBv infection
41
Q

What two year groups are at an increased risk of Hep C infection

A

Pts that received clotting fxs before 1987

And Pts that recieved blood or organs before july 1992

42
Q

What is the prevention strategy for Hep D

A

HBv Vax

43
Q

What is the cell type that we evaluate for HIV

A

CD4 count

44
Q

What is the Screening test for HIV

A

HIV ELISA

Then Western blot to confirm

45
Q

What is the CD4 count for AIDs

A

Less than 200

46
Q

What is the most common herpes virus that affects HIV/AIDs pts

A

HHV 8

47
Q

A pt with recent onset of retrosternal pain and HIV

Think

A

Candidiadis (esophagus)

48
Q

A pt with HIV and retinal changes think

A

CMV retinitis

49
Q

A pt with HIV and dyspnea on exertion, non productive cough, recent onset and a bad chest x ray

Think

A

P jiroveci, pneumonias or mycobacterium

50
Q

A pt with AIDs and violaceous plaque like lesions think

A

Kaposi sarcoma

51
Q

A pt with HIV/ AIDs and a focal neuro deficit or mass effect in the brain think..

A

Toxoplasmosis (brain)

52
Q

A pt with HIV/ AIDS with apical or miliary infiltrates, with a respose to TB think,..

A

TB

53
Q

What is the most common oppurtunisict infection assoc with AIDs

A

P jiroveci pneumonia

54
Q

How often should you check CD4 count in AIDs pts

A

Every month until stable then every 3 months for life

55
Q

What CD4 count is medboard criteria

A

Below 300

56
Q

A pt with HIGH fever ( 104 for 4-5 days), chills, severe muslce aches, and severe headache

Rapid onset.. think

A

Influenza

57
Q

What is the Tx of choice for influenza

A

Zanamivir

58
Q

What is the most common cause of post transplant pneumonia

A

CMV pneumonia ( with HIV/ AIDs)

59
Q

Where is Hantavirus prevalent in the US

A

CO, AZ, NM, or UT

Cabins, cabins, Camping (mice and rats)

60
Q

How does Hantvirus present on CXray

A

Mild interstitial pulm edema that rapidly progresses to Basilar/ perihilar pattern

61
Q

What is the Tx of choice for Hantavirus

A

Ribavirin

62
Q

What is the most common community acquired pneumonia

A

Streptococcous aka pneumococcal

63
Q

A pt that presents with bloody tinged sputum

Think?

A

Streptococcus pneumonia ( CAP)

64
Q

What is the DOC for pts with streptococcus with comorbidies

A

Augmentin ( amoxicillin and clauvanate)

65
Q

What is the most common cause of CAP in healthy persons specifically

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

66
Q

A pt presents with bullous myringitis ( pustules on the tempanic membrane) and a non productive cough.. think

A

Mycoplama pneumonia

67
Q

What is the Tx of choice for mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Typically self limitiing

May use Doxy or Azithromycin

68
Q

A pt presents with fever, hematuria, N/V/D, Headache and photophobia, HORDERS spots (pink blnaching maculopapular rash) and works around birds… think

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

69
Q

A pt presents with a prior flu, with new onset of worsening fever or cough

(Elderly pt)

Think

A

Staph Aurues Pnuemo

70
Q

A pt presents with blood stained (currant jelly) sputum

Think

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

71
Q

What is the Tx of choice for Klebsiella pneumonia

A

Piperacillin/ Tazobactam

72
Q

What ABX can be used in Smockers with bronchitis

A

Amoxicillin

73
Q

A child presents with a frenal ulcer, and a characteristic cough.. think

A

Pertussis

74
Q

What is the Tx of choice for Pertussis

A

Azithromycin

IPAP JUNIOR SEM. (43 decks)

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