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Endocrine > Neck Lumps > Flashcards

Neck Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triangle?

A

Bounded by mandible superiorly
Midline medially
Anterior border is SCM laterally
Base is clavicle

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2
Q

What are the borders of the posterior triangle?

A

Posterior border is SCM anteriorly
Anterior border is trapezius laterally
Clavicle inferiorly

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3
Q

What can cause a midline swelling?

A

Thyroid
Thyroglossal cyst
Dermoid cyst

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4
Q

What questions should be asked about a midline swelling?

A

Dose it move on swallowing

Does it move on sticking out the tongue

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5
Q

What can cause anterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph nodes
Brachial cyst
Salivary glands
Carotid body tumours

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6
Q

What can cause posterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph nodes

Cystic hygroma

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7
Q

What should you examine in a neck lump examination?

A 
Position
Size
Shape
Mobility
Consistency
Associated lymphadenopathy
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8
Q

What can cause cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

Infective
Malignant
Haematological - leukaemia/ lymphoma

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9
Q

What should you look for in cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

Other nodes
Primary sites
Herpatosplenomegaly

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10
Q

What inverstigations should be done in the work up of cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

CXR
ENT
FNA

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11
Q

What is the presentation of a thyroglossal cyst?

A

Contains lymphatics which may become infected
Moves with the tongue
Presents in teenage years

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12
Q

What is a demaoid cyst?

A

Rare congenital cyst
Usually presents in teenage years
Soft, nonfluctuant

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13
Q

What is a branchial cyst?

A

Persisting second brachial arch
Arises in upper part of ant. triangle
Presents in teenage years

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14
Q

What will be seen on FNA of a branchial cyst?

A

Cholesterol crystals

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15
Q

When will a cystic hygroma present?

A

1st year

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16
Q

What is a cystic hygroma?

A

Pressure symptoms
Lymph filled
Transilluminate

17
Q

What will cause a submandibular swelling?

A

Stone

Pleomorphic

18
Q

What will cause a parotid swelling?

A

Infective
Pleomorphic adenoma
Stone

19
Q

What should be taken in a history of a solitary thyroid nodule?

A

FH of thyroid carcinoma

Previous neck irradiation

20
Q

What should be examined in a solitary thyroid nodule?

A

Patient hoarse - RLN invasion

Presence of lymphadenopathy

21
Q

What should the investigations be in STN?

A

TSH
USS
FNA

22
Q

What is the bethseda system of FNA?

A

Thy 1 = inadequate
Thy 2 = benign
Thy 3 = suspicious
Thy 4/5 = malignant

23
Q

What are the different types of differentiated thyroid cancers?

A

Papillary
Minimally invasive follicular
Follicular

Endocrine (35 decks)

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