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Endocrine > Anatomy of the thyroid gland > Flashcards

Anatomy of the thyroid gland Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thyroid gland made up of?

A

2 lateral lobes and an isthmus

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2
Q

Where do the lobes of the thyroid gland attach?

A

To the lateral aspects of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages as well as the trachea

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3
Q

What level does the isthmus lie?

A

Anteriot to the 2nd and 3rd cartilages of the trachea

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4
Q

What is an enlarged thryoid gland called?

A

Goitre which will move superiorly then inferiorly during swallowing

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5
Q

Where are the parathyroid glands found?

A

On the posteiror surfaces of the thyroid gland’s lateral lobes

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6
Q

When does the thyroid gland reach its final position in utero?

A

In the 7th week of developement

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7
Q

Where is the platsyma muscle found?

A

Immediately deep to the skin within the superficial fascia of the neck

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8
Q

What nerve supplies the platysma muscles?

A

Facial nerve as it is a muscle of facial expression

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9
Q

What is included within the prevertebral fascia of the neck?

A

Posteirorly encloses the postural neck muscles and the cervical vertebrae

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10
Q

What is included within the investing fascia of the neck?

A

Encloses the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

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11
Q

What is included within the carotid sheaths?

A

Vagus nerve
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Carotid arteries
Internal jugular vein

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12
Q

What is included within the pretracheal fascia?

A 
Oesophagus
Trachea
Thyroid gland
Strap muscles
Recurrent laryngeal nerves
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13
Q

What muscles does the spinal accessory nerve supply?

A

SCM and trapezius

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14
Q

What are the attachements of the trapezius?

A

Inferiorly to the spine of the scapula and laterally to the clavicle

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15
Q

Where does the external jugular vein run and drain?

A

Within the superficial fascia and drains into the subclavian vein

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16
Q

Where does the anterior jugular vein run and drain?

A

Within the superficial fascia and drains into the external jugular vein

17
Q

Where does the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid attach and insert?

A

Attaches to the manubrium of the sternum and insets onto the mastoid process of the temporal bone

18
Q

Where does the clavicular head of the sternocleidomastoid attach and insert?

A

Attaches to the medial end of the clavicle and also inserts onto the mastoid process of the temporal bone

19
Q

Where does the carotid sheath attach?

A

Superiorly to the base of the skull around the jugular foramen

20
Q

What is the contents of the jugular foramen?

A

Internal jugular artery

Cranial nerves 9,10 and 11

21
Q

What supplies the thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

22
Q

Where does the the superior thyroid artery branch off of?

A

External carotid artery

23
Q

Where does the inferior thyroid artery branch off of?

A

The subclavian artery

24
Q

Where does the thyroid ima artery branch off of?

A

The braciocephalic trunk

25
Q

What is the venous drainage of the thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

Superior, middle and inferior veins

26
Q

What makes up the left venous angle?

A

Internal jugular and subclavian vein

27
Q

Where does the vagus nerve originate?

A

Medulla oblongata

28
Q

What is the first branch of the vagus nerve?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

29
Q

Where does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve run?

A

Under the arch of the aorta

30
Q

Where does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve run?

A

Under the subclavian artery

31
Q

What are the 4 strap muscles?

A

Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternothryoid
Thyrohyoid

32
Q

What attaches the intermediate tendon of the omohyoid to the clavice?

A

A fasical sling

33
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triange of the neck?

A

Superiorly: inferior border of mandible
Laterally: sternal head of SCM
Medially: midline

34
Q

What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?

A

Laterally: trapezius
Medially: clavicular head of the SCM
Roof: fascia

35
Q

What is a classical thyriodectomy incision?

A

A collar insicion made in the direction of langers lines just superior to the clavicles and jugular notch

36
Q

What occurs in a unilateral injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

Hoarseness or weakness of the voice

Weak cough

37
Q

What occurs in a bilateral injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

Aphonia
Inability to close rima glottidis to prevent aspiration
Inability to cough

Endocrine (35 decks)

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