Aspects of diabetes Flashcards
What gene has been showed to impact on BMI by affecting food intake?
FTO gene
What are the health consequences associated with obesity?
Cancer Gallbladder disease Renal failure Stroke Heart failure Atherosclerosis T2DM Hypertension NAFLD PCOS
What cancers are commonly associated with obestiy?
Breast postmenapusal Colorectal Endometrial Oesophageal Kidney Ovarian Pancreatits Prostate
What conditions are associated with increased body mass?
OA
Sleep apnoea
Back pain
Asthma
What hormones does adipose tissue excrete?
Leptin Adiponectin CRP TNF alpha IL-6 PAI-1 Oestrogen Cortisol Free fatty acids
What is the funtion of leptin?
Tells your body how fat you are - or how thin
If there is no leptin then the brain thinks you are starving
How do macro[hages become foam cells in obesity?
In obsesity, adipocytes screte cytokines and macrophages accumulate fat becoming foam cells found in atheroscerotic plaques
What is the treatment for obesity?
Dietary measures
Exercise/ physical activity
Drugs (orlistat)
Surgery
What is the MOA of orlistat?
Inhibition of lipases blocks absorption of dietary fat
Up to 1/3rd of ingested fat excreted into faeces
What is bariatric surgery?
Restrictive vs malasprptive procedures
What are the different types of bariatric surgery?
Adjustable gastric band
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy
Why do some people find it hard to lose weight?
The resting metabolic rate goes down as the body percieves weight loss as a threat to survival and therefore adaptive thermogenesis acts as a brake on further weight loss
