Neck Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle

A

Mandible superiorly,
midline medially
anteiror bored of the SCM laterally

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle

A

Posterior border of SCM anteriorly
Anterior border trapezius laterally
clavicle inferiorly

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3
Q

What are 3 causes of superficial swellings in the neck

A

Sebaceous cysts
Lipomas
Neurofibromas

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4
Q

What are 3 causes of midline swellings

A

Thyroid
Thyroglossal cyst
Dermoid cyst

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5
Q

Where is a dermoid cyst typically found

A

In the space of the suprasternal notch

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6
Q

What midline swelling will not move on swallowing

A

dermoid cyst

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7
Q

What swellings can appear in the anterior triangle

A

lymph nodes
branchial cyst
salivary glands
carotid body tumour (chemodacto)

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8
Q

What swellings can appear in the posterior triangle

A

Lymph nodes

Cystic hygroma

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9
Q

In what triangle, anterior or posterior, are things more likely to spread to

A

Anterior

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10
Q

What skin changes should be noted on neck examination

A
scars,
pigmentation
rashes
spider naevi
swellings
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11
Q

what things should we look for in a neck lump

A
position
size
shape 
mobility - does it move on swallowing?
consistence (hard,soft)
associated lymphadenopathy
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12
Q

What are cancerous neck tumours often described as

A

craggy mass

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13
Q

What are 3 causes of cervical lymphadenopathy

A

infective
malignant
haematological (leukaemia / lymphoma )

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14
Q

What are specific symptoms of cervical lymphadenopathy

A

hoarseness
cough
dyspnoea

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15
Q

What is some other relevant information to get from the patient in a history

A

Recent immigration or travel abroad

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16
Q

What investigations do we do for cervical lymphadenopathy

A

CXR
ENT opinion
FNA

17
Q

Where can a thyroglossal cyst arise

A

any part of the thyroglossal tract

18
Q

Thyroglossal cysts usually present in which age group

A

Teenage years

19
Q

What is a dermoid cyst

A

A rare congenital cyst
Usually in teenage years
soft
nonfluctuant

20
Q

Where do branchial cysts arise

A

In the upper part of the anterior triangle

21
Q

What is the treatment for a cystic hygroma

A

Conservative, they should shrink with time

22
Q

What are the 2 most problematic salivary glands

A

Parotid and submandibular glands

23
Q

What salivary gland produces the most mucous

A

Submandibular

24
Q

What salivary gland produces more serum

A

Parotid gland