Neck Flashcards
Which muscle if the most medial of the suprahyoid muscles
Geniohyoid is the most medial of the suprahyoid muscles, which makes it easy to identify on cadavers
Where does the pharynx end
The pharynx begins at the base of the skull and ends at the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage – this is approximately C6.
Where do the sensory branches of the cervical plexus enter the skin?
Middle of the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Erbs point and this is a good area to enter LA for a cervical plexus block
What is the main blood supply of the parathyroid gland
Inferior thyroid
Cervical plexus nerve roots
C1-C4
Flexion and extension at the atlantoaxial joint is limited?
Flexion and extension at the atlantoaxial joint is limited by the tectorial membrane.
Level of the hyoid bone
C3
Level of the cricoid cartilage
C6
Level of carotid bifurcation
C4
Which region of the scalp does the lesser occipital nerve give cutaneous supply to?
Posterio-superior
The suboccipital nerve innervates all of the suboccipital muscles. From which nerve root does it arise?
C1
Which potential space in the neck could allow for the tracking of pus into the posterior mediastinum?
Retrophyrangeal space
Scalene muscle innervation
Anterior Scalene (Attaches to 1st rib)
Anterior rami of C5-C6.
Middle ((Attaches to 1st rib))
Innervation: Anterior rami of C3-C8.
Posterior Scalene (Attaches to 2nd rib)
Innervation: Anterior rami of C6-C8.
Which part of the brachial plexus crosses the floor of the posterior triangle?
Trunks
During embryonic development, where does the thyroid gland begin development?
Base of the tongue
Phrenic nerve is known to travel immediately underneath which layer of neck fascia?
Pre-vertebral
Which nerve moves through the posterior fossa of the skull
Facial nerve
Most superficial structure for submandibular gland excision
Marginal mandibular
Vocal cords are formed by the free edge of what
Conus elasticus (cricothyroid ligament part)
What is the berry’s ligaments
The suspensory ligament of the thyroid gland (Berry’s ligament), is a suspensory ligament that passes from the thyroid’s sheath to the thyroid itself, and on to the cricoid cartilages that encircle the trachea.
Larynx supply
Cricothyroid and muscles that are supraglottic and sensation are supplied by the superior laryngeal nerve
Subglottic sensation and all other intrinsic muscles of the larynx rec lar
For vocal cords
They are formed by the intrinsic ligaments
Cricothyroid lig: True vocal cords
Vestibula ligament/folds: Quadrangular membrane
About the intrinsic muscles
Cricothyroid
‘singer’s muscle’.
Innervation: External laryngeal nerve (branch of superior laryngeal).
Thyroarytenoid
Thyroarytenoid muscle acts to relax the vocal ligament, allowing for a softer voice.
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Only muscle capable of widening the rima glottidis.
The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles are the major adductors of the vocal folds. They narrow the rima glottidis, modulating the tone and volume of speech.
The transverse and oblique arytenoids muscles adduct the arytenoid cartilages, closing the posterior portion of rima glottidis. This narrows the laryngeal inlet.
Attachments: Spans from one arytenoid cartilage to the opposite arytenoid.
Actions: Adduction of the arytenoid cartilages.
Innervation: Inferior laryngeal nerve (branch of recurrent laryngeal).
Where does the right jugular lymphatic duct open
The right lymphatic duct empties into the right subclavian vein at the venous angle.
