Neck

Question 1

Sterno-cleido-mastoid

Answer 1

Origin - top of manubrium, medial one-third of clavicle
Insertion - mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of the superior nuceal line of occiput
Action - laterally flex head and neck, rotate head and neck, flex the neck, elevate the rib cage

Question 2

Scalene

Answer 2

Origin - transverse process to through to 6th vertebrae
Insertion - first rib
Action - laterally flex and rotate head and neck, elevate the ribs and flex head and neck

Question 3

Sub-occipital muscles

Answer 3

rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, and obliquus capitis inferior.

Question 4

Erector Spinae

Answer 4

Origin - common tendon that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and the last 2 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion - various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous processes, transverse processes, thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid processes of temporal bone.
Action - lateral flexion of the vertebral column and extend the vertebral column

Question 5

Trapezius

Answer 5

Origin - external occipital protuberance, medial portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligament nuchae and spinous processes of C7 though to T12
Insertion - lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
Action - extend head and neck, laterally flex head and neck, rotate head and neck, elevate the scapula, upward rotate the scapula, adduct and stabilise the scapula, depress and upwardly rotate the scapula