Nazi economic, social and racial policy Flashcards
How did Hitler reduce unemployment?
He created the National Labour Service Corps (RAD), a scheme to provide young men with 6 months of compulsory work (18-25). In 1939 it was open to women too. They were trained in military conditions as they wore uniforms, carried out military drills and as well as work.
Why were the job creation schemes significant?
Hitler established these to help people find work, he put very large amounts of money to set these up and it helped people find employment in construction like building roads, and various buildings.
How did Hitler hide the figures of unemployment?
He didn’t include Jewish people, Women dismissed from work or settling down to domestic duties, people within concentration camps, people in RAD
How did Germany rearm?
In preparation for future war, conscription was introduced (army grew from 100,000 to 1,400,000), Heavy industries expanded to meet the needs, Billions spent towards producing tanks and other military use vehicles.
What was strength through joy?
Why was it established?
Who established it?
It was an organisations set up by the German Labour front to replace the trade unions and motivate people to work. They would give workers holidays, cinema tickets, cruises. People were very happy with this because it gave them the opportunity to go on holidays which many people never went on. Beauty of work was a department that specialised in improving work conditions, they built better canteens, swimming pools, and installed better lighting.
What were Nazi ideals about women?
Did not wear makeup, was blonde broad-hipped and athletic, wore flat shoes and a full skirt, did not work, did not smoke, did all house hold duties, took no interests in politics.
What changes did Nazis make to the role of women?
There was a massive decline in birthrates, a massive propaganda campaign was set to encourage women to have more children, in 1933 the Law for Encouragement of Marriage was introduced, where the government would give loans to young couples to marry and have children, each child would a quarter of the loan off. A new national organisation, German Women Enterprise organised classes and radio shows to talk about household topics and the skills of motherhood.
How did work change for women?
Women were asked to stick to the 3 Ks, Children, Kitchen, Church. They were encouraged to stop working and work in the household. This kept Hitlers word in reducing unemployment because this opened alot of jobs up for men. However in 1937, Nazi reversed these policies to help with the rearming of the country , therefore women were asked to work again to replace the men. They abolished the loans and introduced compulsory ‘Duty Year’ for all women entering employment. They were paid but would help on a farm or in a family home, this policy wasnt successful as fewer women went back to work.
How did the Nazis control education?
They saw young people as the future reich therefore they wanted to indoctrinate them with their ideals as much as possible. Texts books were rewritten to fit Nazis view, all had to be approved and Mein Kampf became a standard Textbook.
Lessons started and ended with the students saluting to Hitler and saying ‘Heil Hitler’ and Nazis themes were presented throughout all subjects. Children were focused on being fit and healthy with boys being trained for the military and girls being taught how to carry out domestics duties like sewing, cooking, and basic household caring. Race studies were introduced to teach children anything but the Aryan race is inferior.
How did Hitler use schools to spread hate toward the Jewish community?
They would write textbooks that clearly demonstrated Jews were inferior to the Aryan race, it was made sure to consistently show that jewish people were bad and in 1938 jewish children were expelled from school.
What was the timeline of jewish persecution 1933-1938?
1933, SA organised boycotts against them, a law was introduced to exclude them from government jobs, inherited land was taken away
1934, Local councils banned jewish people from public spaces
1935, Nuremberg Laws was a list of measures for jews, like they were no longer citizens and couldnt have a sexual relationship with German citizens
1937, Jewish businesses were taken over
1938, Kristallnacht, had to register their possessions, jewish men and women had to add “isreal” and “sarah” to their names.
What happened during Kristallnacht?
It was on the 9th November 1938, a young polish man who was jewish shot a German man in the paris embassy, this gave Hitler the excuse to blame it on jews and allow people to destroy jewish homes and businesses, burn their belongings in the street and send them off to camps. They werent able to claim insurance and on top of that had to pay compensation. Many people were disgusted by these actions and Hitler said that it was the Germans people decisions and not his.
What was the role of the SS
Hitlers private bodyguard unit, they would wear black uniforms and intimidate people similarly as those to the SA, were thought to be prime examples of the Aryan race. By 1939 there were 250,000 members. After the Night of the Long Knives they became responsible in removing any opposition.
What was the role of the Gestapo?
This was Hitlers secret police fo
