Navigation definitions

Question 1

Meridian

Answer 1

These are semi great circles that run north to south and join at the earths. True poles.

Question 2

Prime Meridian.

Answer 2

0° of longitude, passes through Greenwich, England, near London.

Question 3

International date line

Answer 3

Is located at 180° of longitude opposite side to the prime meridian.
(it makes some political jogs, so Russia and US don’t have a date change in their territory)
Add this meridian the day officially changes from one day to the next.

Question 4

Meridian of longitude

Answer 4

Longitude is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

Question 5

Rhumb line

Answer 5

is an arc crossing all meridians of longitude at the same angle, that is, a path with constant bearing as measured relative to true north.

Question 6

Magnetic variation

Answer 6

The angle difference between the magnetic meridians, and the true meridians

Question 7

Whenever we convert true, heading to magnetic headings?

Answer 7

Variation east, magnetic least
Variation west, magnetic best

Question 8

Agonic line

Answer 8

an imaginary line around the earth passing through both the north pole and the north magnetic pole, at any point on which a compass needle points to true north

Question 9

Deviation

Answer 9

The angle through which the compass needle is deflected from the magnetic meridian, is called deviation

Question 10

Deviation formula

Answer 10

Deviation East compass, least, deviation west compass best

Question 11

Track

Answer 11

The direction an aircraft intends to travel over the ground

Question 12

Heading

Answer 12

The direction the nose is pointed in relation to true or magnetic north

Question 13

Bearing

Answer 13

This is an objects direction measured clockwise from a meridian

Question 14

Drift

Answer 14

Wind blowing from the left or right, will cause the aircraft to drift away from its intended track

Question 15

Air position

Answer 15

This is the theoretical position of an aircraft at a given moment, assuming it to have been unaffected in-flight by wind. Also known as no wind position.

Question 16

Scale

Answer 16

Maps are made to scale. In each case the scale represents the ratio of a distance on the map to the actual distance on the ground.

Question 17

What is the difference between latitude and longitude?

Answer 17

Longitude is measured from the prime meridian, based on an axis, passing through the true poles, while latitude is measured from the equator, based on a point at the earths center.
Unlike longitude lines. Lines of latitude, never converge that is why they’re called parallels.

Question 18

Why do magnetic variations exist?

Answer 18

The geographical difference between true North, and magnetic north

Question 19

VNC

Answer 19

Navigation chart
VFR flights in the low to medium altitudes
Straight lines drawn on this map are great circles (must know)

Question 20

VNC validity

Answer 20

Validity dates are based on significant changes. When there are enough changes, a new VNC is produced on average every two years.

Question 21

VTA

Answer 21

VFR terminal area chart
A straight line drawn on these charts is a Rhumb Line
Scale is 1: 250,000 or 1 inch to 4SM

Updated every two years

Question 22

LO Chart

Answer 22

IFR flights at low altitude for used below 18,000 feet ASL
Updated every 56 days 

Question 23

HI Chart

Answer 23

IFR flights at high altitude, for use at 18,000 feet ASL and above

Valid for 56 days

Question 24

CFS

Answer 24

A joint civil and military publication, which contains all registered and certified Canadian Aerodromes
Also North Atlantic aerodromes

Revised and re-issued every 56 days

Question 25

CAP

Answer 25

Canada air pilot
Information that is pertinent to IFR arrivals and departures.
Contains:
Instrument approach procedures
Standard instrument departure procedures
Noise, abatement procedures

Question 26

WAS

Answer 26

Water aerodrome supplement
It is a publication that provides tabulated textual data and graphical information to support Canadian VFR charts

Question 27

DAH

Answer 27

Designated airspace handbook.
It lists all the airspace and classes in Canada.

Answers questions like who do I contact for that CYA or CYR that I fly past?

Question 28

Lambert conformal, conic projection

Answer 28

Taking a cone and having it superimposed over the surface of a sphere. If the cone were opened and unrolled than the meridians and parallels, would appear spread out.

Question 29

The Mercator projection

Answer 29

If a cylinder, which has its point of tangency at the equator.
Imagine a light at the centre of the globe that casts a shadow of the meridians and parallels on a cylinder of infinite length enclosing it.

Question 30

Electronic charts

Answer 30

Apps, like ForeFlight have become very popular due to: there is updating
GPS/GNSS
Overlaid weather in traffic
Flight planning features
Competitive price compared to keeping up to date with paper church

Question 31

Great circles

Answer 31

This is a circle on the surface of a sphere whose plane will cut the sphere into two equal pieces.
(The shortest distance between two points on the surface of the Earth)