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AVIATION FLASH CARDS > CLOUDS > Flashcards

CLOUDS Flashcards

1
Q

What gives us an indication that mountain wave in Mountain turbulence exist?

A

Lenticular clouds
Rotor clouds
Cap clouds
Banner, clouds

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2
Q

Lenticular clouds

A

Typically occur from 20,000 to 40,000 feet. Form in the crests of the waves, and can be very high and hundreds of miles long.
In PIREPS & METARS lenticular clouds will be reported as one of two types
ACSL
CCSL

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3
Q

Roll/rotor clouds

A

They will form downwind from each wave crest, and within the lower turbulent zone.
Possess the greatest amount of turbulence.
Can indicate presence of mountain waves

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4
Q

Cap cloud

A

These lie over the top of the mountain, and they will extend partially down the leeward slopes. This can indicate an extremely strong downdraft.

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5
Q

ACSL

A

Alto-cumulus, standing lenticular

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6
Q

CCSL

A

Cirro- cumulus standing lenticular

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7
Q

Winds around mountains

A

Anabatic winds
Katabatic winds
Glacier winds
Funnel winds

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8
Q

Anabatic winds

A

Formed as the sun word side of a mountain slope heats up, warm air rises.

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9
Q

Katabatic winds

A

A wind that flows down the slope of a mountain. It can happen in shaded or snow-covered areas.

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10
Q

Glacier winds

A

Extreme katabatic winds. They are caused by glaciers which can produce areas of extreme cooling.

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11
Q

Funnelling winds

A

Winds, which are deflected around large single mountain peaks, or through the valleys of mountain ranges.

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12
Q

When should a light aircraft stay out of the mountains?

A

When the wind speed at the level of the mountain peak is 20 KT or greater

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13
Q

CB
Low cloud

A

Cumulonimbus
Thunder and lightning associated. Fueled by vigorous convective updrafts. Tops of these clouds can reach 60,000ft.

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14
Q

TCU
Low cloud

A

Towering cumulonimbus
Growing cumulus clouds. On the way to becoming a cumulonimbus

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15
Q

CU
Low cloud

A

Cumulus
Appearance of floating cotton or popcorn popping. Lifetime 5-40mins. Indicates the pressure of significant vertical currents at low levels without precip. With proper conditions they can develop into TCU, And than CB a powerful thunderstorm.

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16
Q

CF
Low cloud

A

Cumulus Fractus
Stratocumulus torn by wind. Differentiated from stratus Fractus by their more rounded tops.

17
Q

SC
Low Cloud

A

Stratocumulus
Low lumpy layer of cloud. Sometimes accompanied by weak intensity precipitation. Main producers of drizzle.

18
Q

NS
Low cloud

A

Nimbostratus
Dark low level clouds often accompanied by steady by steady, light to moderate continuous precipitation.

19
Q

ST
Low Cloud

A

Stratus
Low layer cloud. Smooth air. Resembles fog but does not rest on the ground. No waves or patterns “grey”

20
Q

SF
Low cloud

A

Stratus Fractus
Stratus cloud that has been torn by wind into fragments. Drizzle may fall from these clouds.

21
Q

AS
Middle cloud

A

Alto stratus
Low layer cloud with no definite pattern. Steely or bluish in colour. Sometimes sun/moon can be seen through. Can cause light drizzle but NOT heavy precipitation

22
Q

AC
Middle cloud

A

Alto cumulus
Puffy cotton ball type clouds
On warm and humid summer morning could be followed by thunderstorms. Icing is usually present above the freezing level, and especially heavy during top on cloud.

23
Q

ACC
Middle cloud

A

Alto cumulus Castellanus
Created from instability associated with airflows having marked vertical shear and weak thermal stratification

24
Q

CI
High cloud

A

Cirrus
High and wispy, 20,000ft +
High pressure systems, & fair weather, composed of ice crystals

25
Q

CS
High cloud

A

Cirrostratus
Sheetlike high level clouds composed of ice crystals. Thicken as warm fronts approach

26
Q

CC
High cloud

A

Cirrocumulus
Somewhat rare
Appears as a white sheet with a pebbly pattern

27
Q

ST
Low clouds

A

Stratus
Known for drizzle or freezing rain. Updrafts associated with are very weak so the larger droplets in the cloud tend to settle earthward

28
Q

Mammatus

A

Powerful cumulonimbus clouds. May have appendages protruding from the base of them. These clouds indicate the atmosphere is extremely unstable. Funnel clouds may also be associated. (Stay clear of these)

29
Q

CEILING

A

Is defined as the level of the first cloudbase that has a coverage amount of five to eat octas

AVIATION FLASH CARDS (31 decks)

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