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Question 1

What are the types of Precision Approach Available?

Answer 1

ILS
MLS
RNP APCH (for the ICAO exam)
PAR

Question 2

What are the types of non-precision approaches available?

Answer 2

VOR
NDB
LOC/DME
GNSS
SRA
VDF

Question 3

Define a precision approach

Answer 3

An instrument approach and landing using lateral and vertical guidance with minima as determined by the category of operation

Question 4

Define a non-precision approach

Answer 4

An instrument approach and landing which utilises lateral guidance but does not use vertical guidance

Question 5

By what level must approaches be stabilised?

Answer 5

1000ft above aerodrome elevation in IMC and 500ft in VMC

Question 6

When is an approach considered stabilised?

Answer 6

When;

The a/c is on the correct flight path

Only small changes in heading/pitch are necessary to maintain the correct flight path

The airspeed is not more than Landing Reference Speed (VREF) + 20kts IAS and not less than VREF

Sink rate no greater than 1000ft/min (special briefing should be conducted if greater than this is required)

Power setting is appropriate for the a/c configuration and is not below the minimum power for the approach as defined by the operator

All briefings and checklists completed

Question 7

What are the ATCO’s actions which may contribute to an unstable approach?

Answer 7

Late or high rate of descent to intercept ILS

Late change in runway resulting in a tailwind landing

Inappropriate vectoring not allowing the correct profile to be flown

Inappropriate use of speed control

Incorrect distance from touchdown

Vectoring for short final

GS interception from above

Delayed descent

Question 8

What are the segements of an Instrument Approach?

Answer 8

1. Arrival
2. Initial
3. Intermediate
4. Final
5. Missed

Question 9

Describe the Arrival segment of a instrument approach

Answer 9

From the en-route phase to the approach phase, ends at the IAF

Question 10

Describe the Initial segment of an Instrument Approach

Answer 10

Begins at IAF and ends at the IF takes a/c to the intermediate segment

Question 11

Describe the Intermediate segment of an Instrument Approach

Answer 11

From IF to the FAF/FAP

Speed and configuration adjusted to prepare for final approach

Obstacle clearance reduces from 1000ft to 500ft

Question 12

Describe the Final Segment of the Instrument Approach

Answer 12

From FAP/FAF to the MAPt

Alignment and descent for landing are made. May be to a runway for a straight in landing or to an aerodrome for a visual manoeuvre

Question 13

Describe the Missed segment of the Instrument Approach

Answer 13

Takes pilot from the MAPt up above obstacles (150ft above) and back to another attempt at the approach.

Question 14

What may a MAPt be?

Answer 14

Glide Path DA/DH
Nav facility
Fix
Specified distance from FAF

Question 15

What is a DA or DH?

Answer 15

Decision Altitude/Height

Apply only to precision approaches

Question 16

What is a MDA/MDH?

Answer 16

Minimum Descent Altitude/Height

For non precision approaches

Question 17

Define a step-down fix

Answer 17

Provided in the final approach segment of instrument approach procedures to ensure obstacle clearance if there are significant obstacles under the final approach

Question 18

At what ranges do SRAs terminate?

Answer 18

2nm, 1nm, or 0.5nm