Natural Selections

Question 1

What is Natural Selection?

Answer 1

The Gradual process by which biological traits become more or less common in a population

• Traits affect fitness of organisms to replicate
• Traits inherited by generations
• favors fit
• Traits change overtime
• “indifferent nature chooses who reproduces”

Question 2

What is artificial selection?

Answer 2

Man deliberately decides who reproduces –> Breeding i.e dogs

Question 3

what is natural selection about?

Answer 3

It is about which information encodes for proteins that are useful right now
-survival of the fittest: reproduction of the info best at reproducing right now

Question 4

What are the Types of Natural Selection.

Answer 4

1. Ecological: Natural- (minus sexual)
   - Directional: 1 phenotype is favored causing a shift
   - Disruptive: Extreme phenotypes are favored
   - Stabilizing: Decrease in genetic diversity
2. Sexual: Maximizes reproduction through sexual behavior
   - attract mates
   - beat rivals
   - sexual dimorphism: marked differences n different sexes

Question 5

Why cant natural selection fashion perfect organisms

Answer 5

1. Can only act on existing variation
2. limited by historical constraints
3. adaptations: compromises

Question 6

Define Exaptation

Answer 6

When a trait evolved for 1 thing becomes useful for another function
-feathers