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T-45 Goshawk > NATOPS - Powerplant > Flashcards

NATOPS - Powerplant Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the aircraft powerplant.

A

single, non-afterburning twin-spool turbofan engine

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2
Q

Describe the compressor/turbine configuration

A

2 stage low pressure compressor driven by a single stage LP turbine and a 5 stage high pressure compressor driven by a single stage HP turbine. N1 and N2 shafts are concentric and both rotate clockwise when viewed from the front.

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3
Q

What is 100% N2 in RPM

A

15,512 RPM

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4
Q

When does the bleed valve close and how is it indicated?

A

61±4%, indicated by an N2 increase of 3% and a 50 degree C decrease in EGT.

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5
Q

When does the bleed valve open?

A

When N2 RPM falls to 45% during shutdown

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6
Q

When does the bleed valve open if the engine is operating under manual fuel control?

A

When GTS button is pressed it opens for 60 seconds. Or when engine rpm is below 61±4% when the engine is switched to manual fuel control.

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7
Q

***What is bleed air used for within the engine?

A

To seal the compressor and turbine bearing compartments as well as providing cooling for the turbine assemblies. Also provides engine anti-ice to spinner

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8
Q

***What is bleed air used for external to the engine and what stage does it come from?

A

ECS, OBOGS, anti-g, and the fuel tank pressurization system; 5th stage

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9
Q

When does the steam ingestion bleed valve open?

A

When the launch bar is not retracted, weight on wheels, and N2 RPM above 70%

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10
Q

What does the ACCEL caution light indicate?

A

The steam ingestion bleed valve is not in the commanded position OR the shot of fuel solenoid is not operating

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11
Q

How is engine anti-ice provided?

A

A small flow of bleed air is continuously ducted forward through the N1 shaft and through the fan spinner

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12
Q

***What does the external (accessory) gearbox drive?

A 
(HTFOG) Hydraulic pumps, 
Tach generator (N2 rpm), 
Fuel pumps (high press & low press), 
Oil pumps, and 
Generator
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13
Q

***What drives the engine during start?

A

The Air Turbine Starter (ATS) rotates the N2 shaft through the external gearbox

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14
Q

What does the engine fuel system consist of?

A

LP fuel pump, fuel cooled oil cooler (FCOC), LP fuel filter, HP fuel pump, Fuel Control Unit (FCU), and 18 fuel spray nozzles

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15
Q

When does the LP PMP caution light illuminate?

A

Fuel pressure drops below 35 psi

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16
Q

What modes does the engine fuel control have?

A

NORMAL (main) and MANUAL (backup)

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17
Q

What may selecting MANUAL fuel control at high rpm result in?

A

Exceeding RPM or EGT limits

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18
Q

How is fuel metered when in manual fuel control?

A

By direct movement of the throttle

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19
Q

What meters a fuel supply to the fuel spray nozzles during the starting cycle?

A

Sub-idle Fuel Control Unit (SIFCU)

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20
Q

What automatically prevents overspeed and overtemp conditions under normal operation?
***Does it monitor N1 or N2?

A

Engine Control Amplifier (ECA)

*Monitors N1

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21
Q

What is the total capacity of the oil tank and system?

A

25.2 U.S pints

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22
Q

How many pumps does the oil system have?

A

One pressure, Three scavenge pumps

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23
Q

When does the OIL PRESS warning light

illuminate?

A

When Differential pressure decreases below 10 psi

24
Q

What does the ignition system consist of?

A

Two 12 joule dc ignition units and two igniters

25
Q

How is ignition controlled?

A

Ignition is controlled by the ECA and starter control unit. Both igniters operate during ground and air starting.

26
Q

***What is the function of the GTS?

A

The GTS provides air to start the engine on the ground, and can also be used in flight to assist during an airstart.
(***provides bleed air to power the Air Turbine Starter)

27
Q

Where is the GTS located?

A

Above the engine bay

28
Q

What does the GTS consist of?

A

The GTS is a self‐contained unit complete with ignition system, fuel pump, fuel control, lubrication system, and a dc starter motor and consists of a compressor driven by a two stage turbine.

29
Q

When does the green GTS advisory light illuminate?

A

Once the GTS is at idle

30
Q

What happens to the GTS when the ENGINE switch is momentarily selected to START?

A

The GTS accelerates, the start valve is opened, the dump valve closes and the GTS supplies compressed air to the engine ATS.

31
Q

What prevents shock loading of the ATS clutch?

A

A speed switch inhibits operation of the start valve when N2 rpm is above 20 percent

32
Q

When does the GTS automatically shut down?

A

When N2 rpm reaches 45 percent

33
Q

***What is the minimum interval for GTS start attempts?

A

3 minutes, then 30 minutes after 3 attempts

34
Q

When do protection circuits within the starting system automatically shut down the GTS?

A

When GTS idle speed is not achieved within 30 seconds after the GTS start button is pressed.

35
Q

How do you interrupt the start cycle?

A

By placing the throttle to OFF

36
Q

How do you shut down the GTS after an aborted start attempt?

A

Placing the engine switch to OFF

37
Q

***What is the basic start sequence?

A

(BATT switches ON, throttle OFF, Engine switches ON, Ignition NORM)
- GTS start button - press momentarily
***(GTS advisory light within 20 seconds)
- ENGINE switch - START
(READY advisory within 15 seconds)
- Throttle - IDLE when RPM is between 17-20%
(light off must occur within 15 seconds)
- Monitor engine instruments for normal start while engine stabilizes at idle with the OIL PRESS warning light out

38
Q

***What is max EGT during a ground start?

A

550˚C with max over-shoot of 20˚C for 10 seconds

39
Q

What is max EGT during an airstart?

A

600˚C with max over-shoot of 50˚C for 10 seconds

40
Q

***What are the indications of a compressor stall?

A

loud bangs/pops, rpm drop and high EGT

41
Q

***What is the danger of the bleed valve being stuck open?

A

Reduced thrust and high EGT

42
Q

***What should idle rpm be with bleed valve closed and airflow knob not in OFF position?

A

55+/-2%

43
Q

***What are the indications of an engine fire?

A

FIRE warning light, audible tone (first indications)

May be accompanied by rising EGT, excessive fuel flow, erratic or rough engine operation, smoke, flames, EGT/RPM, OIL PRESS, HYD, or TP HOT warnings and cautions

44
Q

***What does it mean if the fire light comes on and then goes off?

A

Temperature has dropped below 300 F or the fire loop was burned through

45
Q

***What temp causes the TP HOT caution to illumiate?

A

150 F

46
Q

***What causes the EGT/RPM light to illuminate?

A

EGT 650+/-8 F or N1 112.4+/-1%

47
Q

***What should you do if your engine flames out below 1,500 feet AGL with airspeed below 180 KIAS?

A

Eject

48
Q

***When is the Starter Control Unit energized?

A

When both engine switches are ON

49
Q

***What are the possible failure conditions with a dual channel ECA failure?

A

Full trim - ECA is restricting fuel flow at all throttle settings (EGT and RPM decreases, significant reduction in thrust available, very low idle rpm)

No trim - ECA is not restricting fuel flow (most likely failure mode. EGT and RPM increase)

50
Q

***What is the purpose of the finger lift and what does it do?

A

Prevents inadvertent pull of throttle to OFF.

Raising it allows you to go below approach idle stop or go past idle to OFF

51
Q

***What temperature does the engine and GTS fire loop go off at?

A

300 F

52
Q

***Does the Sub idle fuel control unit (SIFCU) work in manual fuel control?

A

No. Normal only

53
Q

***What does the GTS start button do?

A

Starts the GTS, energizes the igniters when ignition is NORM, and starts the electric fuel boost pumps. If airborne, wheels down, it also removes the approach idle stop.

54
Q

After lowering the landing gear, what direction should your first throttle movement be in?

A

FWD in case the approach idle stop has inadvertently lifted the finger lift

55
Q

***When do the igniters operate?

A

Automatically when the READY light comes on during start, OR manually by pressing the GTS button (in flight they operate for 30 seconds after pressing)

T-45 Goshawk (21 decks)

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