Nationalist influences 1830-47

Question 1

Who was Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 1

he was a radical revolutionary who wanted a republic, from Genoa

Question 2

when did Mazzini join the carbonari

Answer 2

1827

Question 3

What idea did Mazzini develop while in prison in 1830?

Answer 3

the Idea of “young italy”

Question 4

What were Mazzini’s ideas

Answer 4

he wanted the creation of a nation state, where mankind could be better represented and served, based on the ideas of democracy, republican

Question 5

what did Mazzini do in 1831?

Answer 5

wrote to the King of piedmont asking him to put himself at the head of a movement for a united italy (Charles albert didnt reply)

Question 6

What did Mazzini propose in 1833

Answer 6

an army coup, but it was detected before it began (67 arrested 12 killed)

Question 7

What were some of Mazzini’s successes

Answer 7

fought for unification for a long time , he organised propaganda and made nationalism a more common concept, he converted many to the cause like Garibaldi

Question 8

What did Young italy do?

Answer 8

kept the calls for unity alive, young and energetic organisation

Question 9

What were some of Mazzini’s failures?

Answer 9

Moderate people thought he was too radical so alienated rich supporters- wanted to redistribute wealth, republican so alienate potential rulers, did not make contact with the masses

Question 10

what went wrong with Mazzini’s revolts in 1821 and 1831

Answer 10

they failed and the Bandiera brothers invasion of Calabria in 1844 resulted in their deaths

Question 11

What did Count Cesare Balbo believe

Answer 11

that piedmont (Charles Albert) should lead the other italian states in unification

Question 12

what were some things that Charles Albert introduced

Answer 12

legal administration, financial and military reforms and extended the university of Turin- he also planned improvements of railways ( he was absolute but allowed the meetings of the congresso delgi scienziati which was were nationalist ideas spread.)

Question 13

What did Massimo d’Azeglio want

Answer 13

he didn’t want revolutions, realised that European opinion and public support was crucial, thought freedom would come from the ruling classes and he also wanted Charles Albert to lead italy

Question 14

What did Abbe Gioberti want

Answer 14

the catholic church and the pope to head a national revival (neo-guelphism), federation of states with the pope as president, also hated revolution

Question 15

what was the name of the new pope elected in 1846

Answer 15

Pope Pius IX

Question 16

What was useful for Gioberti about Pius IX

Answer 16

he was more liberal in his ideas, however he was weak minded and suffered from mood swings and epilepsy

Question 17

what did pius IX do in 1846/7

Answer 17

freed 2000 political prisoners, reformed education, the law and papal administration ended press censorship and allowed rome a constitution

Question 18

What was the consulta

Answer 18

and elected body of advisors to the pope

Question 19

when was an uprising led by the bandiera brothers and what happened

Answer 19

1844, only 19 of them, brothers were shot – they became martyrs for national unity

Question 20

how did austria react to Pius IX reforms?

Answer 20

occupied the town of ferrara in 1847 – pius lodged a formal complaint with the austrian government