nasm section 4 Flashcards
Thermoregulation
The physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, including events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body.
Peripheral vasodilation
The action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body.
Brachial artery
The primary artery of the upper arm, which is often used as a site for measuring blood pressure.
Anthropometry
The field of study of the measurement of living humans for purposes of understanding human physical variation in size, weight, and proportion.
Gluteal fold
The area where the fold of the buttocks joins the back of the thigh.
Jackson and Pollock 7-Site protocol
Men
Chest, mid-axillary, subscapular, triceps, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh
Women
Chest, mid-axillary, subscapular, triceps, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh
Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol
Men
Chest, abdomen, thigh
Women
Triceps, suprailiac, thigh
Archimedes’ principle
The assumption stating that the volume of fluid displaced is equivalent to the volume of an object fully immersed in that fluid or to the specific fraction of the volume below the surface.
Mitochondria
The part of the cell that uses nutrients to create energy for the cell; commonly known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Mobility
Optimal flexibility and joint range of motion; ability to move freely.
Assessments used to measure overall strength, muscular endurance, power, and agility.
Performance assessment
Pes planus
Collapsed arch of the foot; also known as flat feet.
Knee valgus
Knees collapse inward (knock knees) due to hip adduction and internal rotation; also known as medial knee displacement and genu valgum.
Knee varus
Knees bow outward (bowlegged); also known as genu varum.
Pes planus distortion syndrome
Postural syndrome characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips.
Lordotic/Lordosis
The normal curvature of the cervical and lumbar spine regions, creating a concave portion of the spine.
An assessment that challenges the upper extremities and trunk during a pulling movement to identify movement impairments and potential muscle imbalances.
Pulling assessment
A movement assessment that assesses dynamic posture, lower-extremity strength, balance, and overall coordination in a single-limb stance
Single-leg squat assessment
A movement assessment designed to assess dynamic posture, core stability, and neuromuscular control of the whole body during a squatting motion.
Overhead squat assessment (OHSA)
An assessment that challenges the upper extremities and trunk during a pulling movement to identify movement impairments and potential muscle imbalances.
Pulling assessment
A performance assessment that measures muscular endurance of the upper extremities during a pushing movement.
Push-up test
A performance assessment designed to estimate the one-repetition maximum of the bench press exercise.
Bench press strength assessment
A performance assessment designed to estimate the one-repetition maximum of the squat exercise.
Squat strength assessment
A performance assessment designed to test maximal jump height and lower extremity power.
Vertical jump assessment
A performance assessment designed to test maximal jump distance and lower extremity power.
Long jump assessment
A performance assessment designed to test reaction capabilities, acceleration, and maximal speed.
40-yard dash assessment
A performance assessment designed to test lateral speed and agility.
Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)
Pro shuttle (5-10-5) assessment
A performance assessment designed to test lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control.
Which muscles are typically underactive when the feet turn out?
Upper trapezius
Abdominals
Anterior and posterior tibialis
Adductor complex
Anterior and posterior tibialis
Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral speed and agility?
Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)
Vertical jump
Pro shuttle
40-yard dash
Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)
Which term defines the degree to which a test specifically measures what it is intended to measure?
Appropriateness
Reliability
Relevance
Validity
Validity
What best defines a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)?
A screening where the results indicate a need for medical clearance, when one is not, in fact, needed
A questionnaire with lists of questions that pertain to health history and habits, such as exercise history, eating behaviors, and general lifestyle
A screening tool used to evaluate the benefits and the risks associated with starting any type of exercise that is strenuous in nature
A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s physical readiness to engage in structured exercis
A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s physical readiness to engage in structured exercis
