Nasm CPT7 section 3 Flashcards
Myofibrilsc
The contractile components of a muscle cell; the myofilaments (actin and myosin) are contained within a myofibril.
Atrium (atria)
Superior chamber(s) of the heart that gathers blood returning to the heart.
Ventricle
Inferior chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs and body.
End-diastolic volume
The filled volume of the ventricle before contraction.
End-systolic volume
The volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after ejection.
Bradycardia
When the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute.
Tachycardia
When the heart rate is greater than 100 beats per minute.
Arteries
Vessels that transport blood away from the heart.
Vessels that transport blood back to the heart.
Veins
Small arteries that eventually divide into capillaries.
Arterioles
Small veins that allows blood to drain from capillaries into the larger veins.
Venules
Vasculogenesis
The formation of new capillaries.
Angiogenesisls.
The formation of new capillaries from existing blood vesse
Hypertension
Consistently elevated blood pressure.
The amount of resistance in the arteries that must be overcome for blood to flow.
Peripheral resistance
Valsalva maneuver
A process that involves expiring against a closed windpipe, creating additional intra-abdominal pressure and spinal stability.
The Valsalva maneuver will temporarily increase blood pressure. This technique should be minimized when training a client diagnosed with high blood pressure (hypertension).
Diffusion
The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body.
Tachypnea
Respiratory rate that is too fast; greater than 24 breaths per minute.
Bradypnea
Respiratory rate that is too slow; fewer than 8 breaths per minute
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath or labored breathing.
Enzyme
A substance in the body that causes a specific reaction or change.
Glands
Cells that release substances into the bloodstream (such as hormones) or other surface of the body.
Cell that receives a message from a hormone or enzyme. Target cells exert an action after being stimulated or activated.
Target (receptor) cell
A gland located in the brain that communicates with the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus