Name Drug, Give Bacteria it treats Flashcards
Sulfonamides
Bacteriostatic
Gram + and Gram -
Sulfamethoxazole (+trimethoprim)
Bactericidal
P. carinii & toxoplasma gondii
Quinolones
Bactericidal
Gram + and Gram - bacteria
Atypica pneumonia organisms
Mycobacteria
Ciprofloxacin
Excellent Gram -
Moderate Gram +
Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin
Excellent Gram -
Improved Gram +
Trovafloxacin
Continued Gram - and + coverage Enhanced anaerobic (B. Fragilis)
Metrondiazole
Bactericidal
Anaerobic and protozoan
C. Diff H. Pylori
Nitrofuratoin
Bacteriostatic low concentratin
Bactericidal high concentrations
Gram - and Gram +
Polymyxin B
Bactericidal
Gram - bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Daptomycin
Bactericidal
Multi-drug resistant gram + bacteria
Aminoglycoside
Gram - bacteria
interfere w/ protein synth and cell wall
Tetracyclines
Bacteriostatic
Gram +, Gram -, aerobic, anaerobes
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
chlamydia
Tigecycline
3rd Gen TCN
Bacteriostatic
MRSA
Chloramphenicol
Gram + and Gram -
Bacteriostatic or -icidal dependign on species
Typhoid, RMSF, meningitis in pts allergic to PCN B
Erythromycin
bacteriostatic (at high conc - icidal)
Gram + and spirochetes
Poor anaerobic coverage
Clarithromycin
Bacteriostatic (at high conc - icidal)
Gram + and anaerobic bacteria
H. influenzae
atypical mycobacteria
Azithromycin
Bacteriostatic (at high conc - icidal)
Gram + and anerobic
> mycobacterial and H. influenze
< staph and strep coverage
Telithromycin
Bacteriostatic (at high conc - icidal)
Ketolide
CAP
black box warning
Clindamycin
Lincosamides Gram positive (strep, staph, pneumococci) anaerboes (gram + and -) Aspiration pneumonia doesn't treat C. diff
Quinupristin- Dalfopristin
Bacteriostatic
VRE (vanco-resistant E. faecium)
MSSA (complicated skin/ suture
infections)
Linezolid
Type of Oxazolidinoes Bacteriostatic: staph, enetrococci Bacteriocidial- Strepto VRE MRSA S. pneumoniae Gram + CAP
Mupirocin
Gram + cocci
Penicillin G or V
Gram + cocci (not STAPH) and Listeria
Anerobes- Bacteriodes, fusebacterium
Gram - (E. Coli, H. flu, N. gonorrhoeae, T. pallidium, selective pseudomonas)
Aminopenicillcins
Pen G pluse improved Gram - (enterobactericae)
Not active against treponema or actinomyces
combined w/ beta lactamase inhibitors for H. flu and Klebisella
Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins
Staph infections with high beta-lactamase production
only Gram +
Antipseudomonal Penicillins
Pen G pluse great Gram - (including pseudomonas)
H. flu, Klebisella
Combine w/ aminoglycoside for better Gram -
Paired with beta-lactamase inhibitors
Beta Lactamse inhibitors increase the coverage of…
H. flu
Staph
Moraxella catarrhalis
Variable against gram - bact.
1st Gen Ceaphlosporins
Aerobic Gram +, above diaphragm anaerobes
community acquired Gram -
Cefuroxime (2nd gen)
1st Gen plus added gram - (Moraxella, Neisseria, Salmonella, Shigella, H. flu)
Cefotetan
Added anaerobic coverage (B. Fragilis)
Abdominal and gyn infections
3rd Gen Ceaphlos
Gram - coverage, penetrate BBB
Penicillin resistant pneumococcus
Meningitis, pneumonia, N. gonorrhea
4th generation cephalo (cefepime)
Gram positive, gram negative, anaerobic
better gram + than 2nd or 3rd gen
Ceftobiprole medocaril (5th gen cephalo)
Complicated skin and suture infections
Good against Gram +
Carbapenems
Most broad spectrum of beta-lactam
Gram + and Gram -
Ertapenem and Imipenem-cilastin
Resistance gram - (P. aerguinosa)
MRSA, enterococcus
Bacteroides
