Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

501 Neuro > N4 CNS Meninges, Ventricles, Blood Supply > Flashcards

N4 CNS Meninges, Ventricles, Blood Supply Flashcards

1
Q

The meninges of the brain are ____

A

Connective tissue layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three meningeal spaces and what are their features?

A

Epidural: above dura matter
Subdural: between dura and arachnoid
Subarachnoid: inside arachnoid layer, filled with CSF and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two meningeal spaces are considered potential spaces while the other is a real space, which are which?

A

Epidural and subdural are potential while subarachnoid is an actual space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three layers of meninges?

A

Dura matter (thickest)
Arachnoid (web like)
Pia matter (thin)
These are listed from outside to inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The spinal cord is also surrounded by meningeal layers, these are ….

A

Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
Pia matter
These are the same as the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The spinal cord has two special connections that help maintain its position, what are they and what are their connections?

A
  1. Filum terminale internum: anchors spinal cord to dural sac, inside meningeal layer
  2. Filum terminale externum: anchors dural sac to vertebral column, outside meningeal layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The spinal cord also contains a meningeal space that is filled with CSF, what is the space called?

A

Subarachnoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are dural reflections?

A

Areas where dura matter separates part of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three main dural reflections?

A

Falx cerebri: separates the cerebral hemispheres into left and right
Tentorium cerebelli: separates the occipital lobe and the cerebellum
Falx cereblli: separates the cerebellum into left and right hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the unpaired dural venous sinuses?

A

Superior sagittal sinus, inferior sagittal sinus, vein of Galen, straight sinus and confluence of sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the paired dural venous sinuses?

A

Transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, cavernous sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the purpose of the dural venous sinuses?

A

Drain blood from the brain back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The internal jugular vein is where the majority of the blood drains back to the ___

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What path does blood follow through the dural venous sinuses?

A

Superior sagittal sinus > Inferior sagittal sinus > confluence of sinuses > transverse sinus > sigmoid sinus > internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does CSF flow through the ventricular system?

A

2 Lateral ventricles > interventricular foramen > third ventricle > cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) > fourth ventricle > foramina of Magendle and Luschka > brain or spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choroid plexuses that line all four ventricles

17
Q

What is the general flow of CSF through the CNS?

A

Ventricles > subarachnoid space > dural venous sinuses

18
Q

What sinus is mainly responsible for returning CSF back into the blood supply?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

19
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

Build-up of fluid in the ventricles in the brain

20
Q

What are the two types of hydrocephalus?

A
  1. Obstructive (non-communicating)
  2. Communicating
21
Q

What occurs during obstructive or non-communicating hydrocephalus?

A

CSF flow is obstructed within the ventricular system
Example: tumor causing aqueductal stenosis (narrowing of the cerebral aqueduct)

22
Q

What occurs during communicating hydrocephalus?

A

CSF flow is not obstructed within the ventricular system
Example: overproduction of CSF or poor reabsorption of CSF

23
Q

What type of issues could hydrocephalus lead to?

A

Cortical damage due to pressure on brain tissue

24
Q

Blood supply is provided to the cerebrum through ___ of ____ that is mainly supplied by the ____ ___ arteries and the ____ artery

A

Circle of Willis
Internal carotid arteries
Basilar artery

25
Q

What are the additional arteries of the Circle of Willis besides the internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery>

A

Posterior cerebral, posterior communication, middle cerebral, anterior cerebral and anterior communicating arteries

26
Q

The middle cerebral artery supplies which part of the cerebrum?

A

Lateral cerebral hemispheres

27
Q

The anterior cerebral artery supplies which part of the cerebrum?

A

Medial frontal and parietal lobes

28
Q

The posterior cerebral artery supplies which part of the cerebrum?

A

Medial temporal and occipital lobes

29
Q

The lenticulostriate arteries are deep vascular territories that branch off ____ and supply ____

A

Branch off the middle cerebral artery
Supplies globus pallidus, putamen, caudate nucleus (basal nuclei) and internal capsule

30
Q

The thalamoperforating and thalamogenicualte arteries are deep vascular territories that branch off the ___ and supply ____

A

Posterior cerebral artery
Supply the thalamus

31
Q

Blood supply is provided to the midbrain via the ___ artery

A

Posterior cerebral artery

32
Q

Blood supply is provided to the pons via the ___ arteries

A

Basilar artery, superior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery

33
Q

Blood supply is provided to the medulla via the ___ arteries

A

Vertebral artery, anterior spinal artery, PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery), posterior spinal artery

34
Q

Blood supply is provided to the cerebellum via the ___ arteries

A

Superior cerebellar artery, AICA (anterior inferior communicating artery), PICA (posterior inferior communicating artery)
All the artery names contain the word cerebellum

35
Q

Blood supply is provided to the spinal cord via the ___ arteries

A

Anterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery
All arteries have the word spinal in them

36
Q

What is an epidural hematoma?

A

Pooling of blood in the epidural space that creates space between the dura and the skull
Leads to headache, confusion, lethargy

37
Q

What is a subdural hematoma?

A

Blood pools in the innermost part of the dura
Leads to either absent symptoms or headache, confusion and lethargy (like an epidural hematoma)

501 Neuro (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions