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501 Neuro > Limbic System > Flashcards

Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four categories of limbic system functions?

A

Olfaction
Memory
Emotions and drives
Homeostasis

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2
Q

Structure responsible for olfaction

A

Olfactory cortex

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3
Q

Structure responsible for memory

A

Hippocampal formation

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4
Q

Structure responsible for emotions and drives

A

Amygdala

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5
Q

Structures responsible for homeostasis

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

What are the parts of the limbic system?

A

Limbic cortex (limbic lobe)
Hippocampal formation
Amygdala

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7
Q

The limbic cortex is made up of ….. (3)

A

Cingulate gyrus
Parahippocampal gyrus (includes uncus)
Septal area (includes subcallosal gyrus)

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8
Q

The hippocampal formation is made of what type of cortex? How many layers does it have?

A

Archicortex
3 layers

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9
Q

The olfactory cortex is made up of what type of cortex? How many layers does it have?

A

Paleocortex
3 to 5 layers

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10
Q

The neocortex has ___ layers and makes up ___% of the human cerebral cortex

A

6 layers
90%

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11
Q

The olfactory system is made up of what 3 parts?

A

Olfactory nerve
Olfactory bulb
Olfactory cortex

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12
Q

The olfactory bulb contains

A

Mitral and tufted cells

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13
Q

The olfactory cortex contains

A

Piriform and periamygdaloid cortex

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14
Q

What is the function of the hippocampal formation?

A

Formation of new memories and learning

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15
Q

Declarative memory vs nondeclarative memory

A

Declarative: conscious recollection of facts or experiences
Nondeclarative: nonconscious learning of skills, habits and other acquired behaviors

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16
Q

What occurs with memory during amnesia?

A

Declarative memory loss (cannot memorize new events well), nondeclarative memory stays intact

17
Q

Declarative memory includes

A

Facts, events

18
Q

Nondeclarative memory includes

A

Skills and habits
Priming
Simple classical conditioning
Nonassociative learning

19
Q

What is retrograde amnesia?

A

Lose memories of past

20
Q

What is anterograde amnesia?

A

Cannot form new memories even as soon as past 5 minutes

21
Q

Damage to the hippocampal formation leads to

A

Profound anterograde amnesia, nondeclarative memory is unaffected

22
Q

What are the parts of the hippocampal formation?

A

Dentate gyrus
Hippocampus
Subiculum

23
Q

What are the symptoms of Alzheimer’s?

A

Lose LTM (anterograde amnesia, cannot learn new facts or events)
Abnormalities with cognition, orientation, behavior

24
Q

Pathology of Alzheimer’s

A

Neurons in the hippocampal formation and parahippocampal gyrus degenerate

25
Q

What are the symptoms of Korsakoff syndrome?

A

Lose long term memory (anterograde amnesia)
Tendency to fabricate false accounts of recent events

26
Q

What is the pathology of Korsakoff syndrome

A

Neurons in medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus, hippocampal formation, mammilary nuclei (hypothalamus)

27
Q

Korsakoff syndrome is typically due to

A

Chronic alcoholism, nutritional deficiencies such as thiamine deficiency

28
Q

The main function of the amygdala is ….
The amygdala is also an active participant in ….

A

Emotions and drives
All four limbic system functions

29
Q

What are the symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

A

Placid behavior, decreased emotions, hyperattentive, hypersexual, visual agnosia

30
Q

What is the pathology of Kluver-Bucy Syndrome?

A

Bilateral lesion of amygdaloid complex

31
Q

What is the septal area of the brain? What is its function?

A

Portion just anterior and inferior to the corpus callosum
Function is to organize addictive behavior, act as reward or pleasure center input from hippocampus

32
Q

The septal area has reciprocal connections with …

A

Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Cingulate gyrus of limbic cortex

33
Q

What are the 3 subdivisions or zones of the hypothalamus?

A

Periventricular (light shading)
Medial (darker solid shading)
Lateral (Patterned shading)

34
Q

What are the four regions of the hypothalamus?

A

Preoptic area (anterior)
Supraoptic (anterior)
Tuberal (middle)
Mammilary (posterior)

35
Q

What are the symptoms of hypothalamic syndrome?

A

Diabetes insipidus
Endocrine imbalance
Impairment of temperature regulation
Abnormalities of sleep patterns
Behavioral changes

36
Q

What is the pathology of hypothalamic syndrome?

A

Lesion of hypothalamus

501 Neuro (16 decks)

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