Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebellum?

A

Anterior
Posterior
Flocculonodular

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2
Q

What are the fissures of the cerebellum?

A

Primary
Posterolateral

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3
Q

What are the regions of the cerebellum?

A

Vermis (medial)
Paravermis (intermediate)
Hemisphere (lateral)

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4
Q

The superior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

A

Output from cerebellum to the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain

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5
Q

The middle cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

A

Input from the pons

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6
Q

The inferior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

A

Input from the spinal cord and medulla
Input/output from/tp vestibular nuclei

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7
Q

The superior cerebellar artery supplies

A

Superior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, hemisphere, superior and middle cerebellar peduncles

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8
Q

AICA supplies

A

Lateral inferior portion of the cerebellum including hemisphere, flocculus, middle cerebellar peduncle

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9
Q

PICA supplies

A

Medial inferior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, nodulus, inferior cerebellar peduncle

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10
Q

What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A

Molecular layer
Purkinje layer
Granular layer
Subcortical white matter

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11
Q

Climbing fibers send signals/excite …. in the cerebellum

A

Purkinje cells

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12
Q

The cell bodies of climbing fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….

A

Cell bodies: Inferior olivary nucleus
Axons: inferior cerebellar peduncles

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13
Q

Mossy fibers send signals/excite …. which then excites

A

Granule cells which excite Purkinje cells

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14
Q

The cell bodies of mossy fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….

A

Cell bodies: pontine nuclei, vestibular nuclei, spinocerebellar tracts
Axons: all three cerebellar peduncles

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15
Q

The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum receives input from

A

Purkinje cells of vermis and flocconodular lobe (medial zone)

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16
Q

The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum sends output through

A

ICP (inferior cerebellar peduncle) primarily to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation

17
Q

The interposed nuclei receives input from

A

Purkinje cells of paravermis (intermediate zone)

18
Q

The interposed nuclei sends output through

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to red nucleus of the midbrain

19
Q

The dentate nucleus receives input from

A

Purkinje cells of hemisphere (lateral zone)

20
Q

The dentate nucleus sends output through

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus, VL has connections to primary somatomotor cortex

21
Q

Lesion to the posterior lobe circuit causes

A

Appendicular ataxia (affects movement of the arms and legs)

22
Q

The posterior lobe circuit has connections to

A

Posterior lobe (primarily lateral zone)
Dentate nucleus
VL nucleus of the thalamus
Corticospinal tract
Pontocerebellar neurons

23
Q

Symptoms of posterior lobe syndrome

A

Appendicular ataxia (loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially precise dexterous movements)
Intention tremor (tremor with targeted movement)
Dysdiaochokinesia (difficulty making rapid alternating movements)
Nystagmus
Speech (words slurred or broken into individual syllables)

24
Q

Lesion to the anterior lobe circuit causes

A

Gait ataxia

25
Q

The anterior lobe circuit has connections to

A

Fastigial and interposed nuclei
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Spinocerebellar tracts

26
Q

Symptoms of anterior lobe syndrome

A

Gait ataxia (difficulty walking)
Loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially those related to walking

27
Q

Lesion to the flocculonodular circuit leads to

A

Truncal ataxia

28
Q

The flocculonodular circuit has connections to

A

Fastigial nucleus
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Vestibulocerebellar neurons from vestibular nuclei

29
Q

Symptoms of flocculonodular syndrome

A

Truncal ataxia (loss of coordination especially balance and posture)
Wide-based stance
Difficulty sitting or standing
Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements)

30
Q

Lesion to the lateral cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the medical cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the intermediate cerebellum leads to

A

Lateral issues
Trunk ataxia
Gait ataxia