Cerebellum

Question 1

What are the lobes of the cerebellum?

Answer 1

Anterior
Posterior
Flocculonodular

Question 2

What are the fissures of the cerebellum?

Answer 2

Primary
Posterolateral

Question 3

What are the regions of the cerebellum?

Answer 3

Vermis (medial)
Paravermis (intermediate)
Hemisphere (lateral)

Question 4

The superior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

Answer 4

Output from cerebellum to the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain

Question 5

The middle cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

Answer 5

Input from the pons

Question 6

The inferior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of

Answer 6

Input from the spinal cord and medulla
Input/output from/tp vestibular nuclei

Question 7

The superior cerebellar artery supplies

Answer 7

Superior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, hemisphere, superior and middle cerebellar peduncles

Question 8

AICA supplies

Answer 8

Lateral inferior portion of the cerebellum including hemisphere, flocculus, middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 9

PICA supplies

Answer 9

Medial inferior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, nodulus, inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 10

What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 10

Molecular layer
Purkinje layer
Granular layer
Subcortical white matter

Question 11

Climbing fibers send signals/excite …. in the cerebellum

Answer 11

Purkinje cells

Question 12

The cell bodies of climbing fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….

Answer 12

Cell bodies: Inferior olivary nucleus
Axons: inferior cerebellar peduncles

Question 13

Mossy fibers send signals/excite …. which then excites

Answer 13

Granule cells which excite Purkinje cells

Question 14

The cell bodies of mossy fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….

Answer 14

Cell bodies: pontine nuclei, vestibular nuclei, spinocerebellar tracts
Axons: all three cerebellar peduncles

Question 15

The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum receives input from

Answer 15

Purkinje cells of vermis and flocconodular lobe (medial zone)

Question 16

The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum sends output through

Answer 16

ICP (inferior cerebellar peduncle) primarily to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation

Question 17

The interposed nuclei receives input from

Answer 17

Purkinje cells of paravermis (intermediate zone)

Question 18

The interposed nuclei sends output through

Answer 18

Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to red nucleus of the midbrain

Question 19

The dentate nucleus receives input from

Answer 19

Purkinje cells of hemisphere (lateral zone)

Question 20

The dentate nucleus sends output through

Answer 20

Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus, VL has connections to primary somatomotor cortex

Question 21

Lesion to the posterior lobe circuit causes

Answer 21

Appendicular ataxia (affects movement of the arms and legs)

Question 22

The posterior lobe circuit has connections to

Answer 22

Posterior lobe (primarily lateral zone)
Dentate nucleus
VL nucleus of the thalamus
Corticospinal tract
Pontocerebellar neurons

Question 23

Symptoms of posterior lobe syndrome

Answer 23

Appendicular ataxia (loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially precise dexterous movements)
Intention tremor (tremor with targeted movement)
Dysdiaochokinesia (difficulty making rapid alternating movements)
Nystagmus
Speech (words slurred or broken into individual syllables)

Question 24

Lesion to the anterior lobe circuit causes

Answer 24

Gait ataxia

Question 25

The anterior lobe circuit has connections to

Answer 25

Fastigial and interposed nuclei
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Spinocerebellar tracts

Question 26

Symptoms of anterior lobe syndrome

Answer 26

Gait ataxia (difficulty walking)
Loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially those related to walking

Question 27

Lesion to the flocculonodular circuit leads to

Answer 27

Truncal ataxia

Question 28

The flocculonodular circuit has connections to

Answer 28

Fastigial nucleus
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Vestibulocerebellar neurons from vestibular nuclei

Question 29

Symptoms of flocculonodular syndrome

Answer 29

Truncal ataxia (loss of coordination especially balance and posture)
Wide-based stance
Difficulty sitting or standing
Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements)

Question 30

Lesion to the lateral cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the medical cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the intermediate cerebellum leads to

Answer 30

Lateral issues
Trunk ataxia
Gait ataxia