Cerebellum Flashcards
What are the lobes of the cerebellum?
Anterior
Posterior
Flocculonodular
What are the fissures of the cerebellum?
Primary
Posterolateral
What are the regions of the cerebellum?
Vermis (medial)
Paravermis (intermediate)
Hemisphere (lateral)
The superior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of
Output from cerebellum to the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain
The middle cerebellar peduncle is in charge of
Input from the pons
The inferior cerebellar peduncle is in charge of
Input from the spinal cord and medulla
Input/output from/tp vestibular nuclei
The superior cerebellar artery supplies
Superior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, hemisphere, superior and middle cerebellar peduncles
AICA supplies
Lateral inferior portion of the cerebellum including hemisphere, flocculus, middle cerebellar peduncle
PICA supplies
Medial inferior portion of cerebellum including vermis, paravermis, nodulus, inferior cerebellar peduncle
What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?
Molecular layer
Purkinje layer
Granular layer
Subcortical white matter
Climbing fibers send signals/excite …. in the cerebellum
Purkinje cells
The cell bodies of climbing fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….
Cell bodies: Inferior olivary nucleus
Axons: inferior cerebellar peduncles
Mossy fibers send signals/excite …. which then excites
Granule cells which excite Purkinje cells
The cell bodies of mossy fibers are found in …. axons are found in ….
Cell bodies: pontine nuclei, vestibular nuclei, spinocerebellar tracts
Axons: all three cerebellar peduncles
The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum receives input from
Purkinje cells of vermis and flocconodular lobe (medial zone)
The fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum sends output through
ICP (inferior cerebellar peduncle) primarily to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation
The interposed nuclei receives input from
Purkinje cells of paravermis (intermediate zone)
The interposed nuclei sends output through
Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to red nucleus of the midbrain
The dentate nucleus receives input from
Purkinje cells of hemisphere (lateral zone)
The dentate nucleus sends output through
Superior cerebellar peduncle primarily to ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus, VL has connections to primary somatomotor cortex
Lesion to the posterior lobe circuit causes
Appendicular ataxia (affects movement of the arms and legs)
The posterior lobe circuit has connections to
Posterior lobe (primarily lateral zone)
Dentate nucleus
VL nucleus of the thalamus
Corticospinal tract
Pontocerebellar neurons
Symptoms of posterior lobe syndrome
Appendicular ataxia (loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially precise dexterous movements)
Intention tremor (tremor with targeted movement)
Dysdiaochokinesia (difficulty making rapid alternating movements)
Nystagmus
Speech (words slurred or broken into individual syllables)
Lesion to the anterior lobe circuit causes
Gait ataxia
The anterior lobe circuit has connections to
Fastigial and interposed nuclei
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Spinocerebellar tracts
Symptoms of anterior lobe syndrome
Gait ataxia (difficulty walking)
Loss of coordination of voluntary movements, especially those related to walking
Lesion to the flocculonodular circuit leads to
Truncal ataxia
The flocculonodular circuit has connections to
Fastigial nucleus
Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
Vestibulocerebellar neurons from vestibular nuclei
Symptoms of flocculonodular syndrome
Truncal ataxia (loss of coordination especially balance and posture)
Wide-based stance
Difficulty sitting or standing
Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements)
Lesion to the lateral cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the medical cerebellum leads to
Lesion to the intermediate cerebellum leads to
Lateral issues
Trunk ataxia
Gait ataxia
