Myology

Question 1

What are the attachments for the psoas major?

Answer 1

superior/proximal: T12-L5 vertebrae and associated discs

Inferior/distal: lesser trochanter of femur

Question 2

What are the actions of the psoas major?

Answer 2

• works with iliacus to flex hip joint

- flexes the lumbar spine (when already a little forward flexed)

Question 3

The prime mover for hip flexion

Answer 3

Psoas major

Question 4

Psoas major innervation

Answer 4

Lumbar plexus

Question 5

What are the attachments for the iliacus?

Answer 5

superior/proximal: iliac fossa

inferior/distal: lesser trochanter

Question 6

What are the actions of the iliacus?

Answer 6

• assists the psoas major in hip flexion

- anterior tilt

Question 7

Iliacus innervation

Answer 7

Femoral

Question 8

When considering the psoas major and iliacus muscles together, it is referred to as ____.

Answer 8

iliopsoas

Question 9

What are the gluteal muscles?

Answer 9

1. Gluteus Maximus
2. Gluteus Medius
3. Gluteus Minimus

Question 10

What are the superior/proximal attachments of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 10

• external/posterior surface of the ilium
• posterior surface of coccyx and sacrum
• sacrotuberous ligament

Question 11

What are the inferior/distal attachments of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 11

• 3/4 of the fibres attach to the IT band

- remaining to gluteal tuberosity

Question 12

What are the actions of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 12

hip joint extension/lateral rotation/abduction

Question 13

Innervation of the gluteus maximus

Answer 13

Inferior gluteal

Question 14

What are the attachments of the gluteal medius?

Answer 14

superior/proximal: external ilium (anterior 2/3rds)

inferior/distal: lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Question 15

The prime mover for hip extension

Answer 15

gluteus maximus

Question 16

Prime mover for hip abduction

Answer 16

gluteus medius

Question 17

Actions of gluteus medius (4)

Answer 17

1. hip joint abduction
2. pelvic support in weight bearing
3. anterior fibres-hip joint medial rotation, flexion
4. posterior fibres- hip joint lateral rotation, extension

Question 18

Innervation of gluteus medius

Answer 18

superior gluteal

Question 19

Attachments of gluteus minimus

Answer 19

superior/proximal: external ilium (deep to medius)

inferior/distal: anterior surface of greater trochanter (deep to medius)

Question 20

Actions of gluteus minimus

Answer 20

• hip joint abduction
• hip joint medial rotation
• anterior fibres- hip joint flexion

Question 21

Innervation of gluteus minimus

Answer 21

superior gluteal

Question 22

What muscles are fanshaped?

Answer 22

Gluteals

Question 23

Attachments of the tensor fascia lata (TFL)

Answer 23

superior/proximal: outer ASIS

inferior/distal: IT band (approx 1/3 down thigh)

Question 24

Actions of TFL

Answer 24

• hip joint flexion
• hip joint abduction
• hip joint medial rotation

Question 25

Innervation of TFL

Answer 25

superior gluteal

Question 26

Short hip lateral rotators (6)

Answer 26

1. piriformis
2. obturator internus
3. gemellus superior
4. gemellus inferior
5. obturator externus
6. quadratus femoris

Question 27

What are the attachments for the obturator internus?

Answer 27

superior/proximal: inner margin of obturator foramen

inferior/distal: posteromedial aspect of greater trochanter

Question 28

Action of obturator internus

Answer 28

hip joint lateral rotation

Question 29

Innervation of obturator internus

Answer 29

nerve to obturator internus via sacral plexus

Question 30

piriformis attachments

Answer 30

superior/proximal: anterior sacrum traveling through greater sciatic notch
inferior/distal: posteromedial aspect of greater trochanter

Question 31

Actions of piriformis (3)

Answer 31

1. hip joint lateral rotation
2. hip joint abduction (when hip flexed 60’)
3. hip joint medial rotation (hip flexed greater 60’)

Question 32

Innervation of piriformis

Answer 32

sacral plexus