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Anatomy > Joints, Ligaments, Bursa of the Foot > Flashcards

Joints, Ligaments, Bursa of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

The head of the fibula articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia

A

Proximal Tibiofibular Joint

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2
Q

What kind of joint is the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint?

A

Synovial, Plane

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3
Q

Available movements of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint

A
  1. Limited superior glide with dorsiflexion
    - Also get posterior translation of the fibular head
  2. Limited inferior glide with plantarflexion
    - Also get anterior translation of the fibular head
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4
Q

Ligaments of the Proximal Tibofibular joint

A
  1. Anterior ligament of fibular head

2. Posterior ligament of fibular head

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5
Q

Attaches anterior proximal tibia to anterior proximal fibula

A

Anterior ligament of fibular head

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6
Q

Attaches posterior proximal tibia to posterior proximal fibula

A

Posterior ligament of fibular head

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7
Q

The distal end of the fibula articulates with the distal end of the tibia

A

Distal Tibiofibular Joint

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8
Q

What kind of joint is the Distal Tibiofibular Joint?

A

Fibrous

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9
Q

A thickening of the interosseous membrane at its distal end

A

Interosseous ligament

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10
Q

Attaches anterior distal tibia –> anterior distal fibula

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament

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11
Q

Attaches posterior distal tibia –> posterior distal fibula

A

Posterior tibiofibular ligament

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12
Q

The distal ends of the tibia and fibula articulate with the trochlea

A

Talocrural Joint

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13
Q

What type of joint is the Talocrural Joint?

A

synovial, hinge

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14
Q

What is the ankle joint?

A

Talocrural joint

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15
Q

Talocrural joint’s available movements

A
  • Dorsiflexion

- Plantarflexion

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16
Q

During dorsiflexion, how does the talus move?

A

superiorly

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17
Q

During dorsiflexion, the talus forces the tibia and fibula apart. Which affects what?

A

The proximal and distal tibiofibular joints.

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18
Q

What are the ligaments of the distal tibiofibular joint?

A
  1. Interosseous ligament
  2. Anterior tibiofibular ligament
  3. Posterior tibiofibular ligament
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19
Q

Ligaments of the Talocrural Joint.

A
  1. Deltoid Ligament
  2. Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL)
  3. Calcaneofibular Ligament
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20
Q

How many ligaments make up the Delta Ligament? What are they?

A
  1. Anterior Tibiotalar
  2. Tibionavicular
  3. Tibiocalcaneal
  4. Posterior Tibiotalar
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21
Q

Where does the deltoid ligament attach?

What does it check?

A

Medial malleolus –> tarsal bones of the medial foot

eversion of the ankle

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22
Q

What ligament is involved with 95% of ankle sprains?

A

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

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23
Q

Where does the anterior talofibular ligament attach and what does it check?

A

Attaches: lateral malleolus –> neck of talus

Checks: Inversion (especially in plantar flexion)

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24
Q

Generally, the ligament taut, is the ligament ____.

A

injured

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25
In plantar eversion _____ is taut
Anterior ligaments
26
In neutral eversion ____ is taut
All
27
In dorsi eversion ____ is taut
Posterior ligaments
28
Attaches the lateral malleolus to the lateral calcaneus
Calcaneofibular Joint
29
What does the calcaneofibular joint check?
Inversion (when ankle is neutral)
30
What are the fibres like in calcaneofibular joint?
Relatively verticle fibres.
31
What are two bursae of the calcaneofibular joint?
1. Subcutaneous Calcaneal | 2. Subtendinous Calcaneal
32
What is the A.k.a for the subcutaneous calcaneal?
Retrocalcaneal
33
What is the bursa between the Achilles tendon and the overlying skin?
Subcutaneous Calcaneal
34
What is the bursa between the Achilles tendon and the calcaneous?
Subtendinous Calcaneal
35
What are three Intertarsal Joints?
1. Subtalar 2. Talocaneonavicular 3. Calcaneocuboid
36
The inferior aspect of the talus articulates with the superior aspect of the calcaneus
Subtalar Joint
37
What kind of joint is the Subtalar Joint?
Synovial, plane
38
What are the subtalar joints available movements?
Inversion, Eversion | Movements are supported by movements at other joints of the foot
39
Subtalar joints are supported by which ligaments?
Talocalcaneal Ligaments
40
Articulation between the talus and calcaneus and the navicular
Talocalcaeonavicular Joint
41
What kind of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint?
Synovial, Ball and Socket
42
Ligaments of the talocalaneonavicular joint
1. Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament
43
A.k.a for Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament
Spring ligament
44
Spring ligament attchments
Sustentaculum Tali --> Posteroinferior surface of the navicular
45
What does the Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament do?
Helps maintain the medial longitudinal arch. | Ligament stretched--> head of the talus can sink resulting in a flat food
46
What is flat food called?
Pes Planus
47
The articulation between the calcaneus an the cuboid.
Calcaneocuboid Joint
48
What kind of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?
Synovial, plane
49
Ligaments of the Calcaneocuboid Joint
Long plantar ligament
50
Where does the long plantar ligament attach?
Plantar surface of the calcaneus --> cuboid and the bases of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th MTs
51
What does the Long Plantar Ligament do?
- Helps maintain the arches of the foot | - Forms a tunnel for the tendon peroneus longus
52
The talocalcaneonavicular joint and the calcaneocuboid joint are referred to as...
The transverse tarsal joint
53
A.k.a for the Transverse Tarsal Joint
Midtarsal Joint
54
Available movements for the Transverse Tarsal Joint
Helps increase the inversion/eversion range by allowing abduction and adduction of the forefoot
55
The distal 4 tarsal bones articulate with the base of the metatarsals
Tarsometatarsal Joints
56
Type of joint is the Tarsometatarsal Joint?
Synovial, plane
57
Available movement of the Tarsometatarsal Joint
Limited due to tight binding of bones
58
Ligaments of the Tarsometatarsal Joint
Dorsal, plantar, and interosseus ligaments
59
Base of the metatarsals
Intermetatarsal
60
Type of joint of Intermetatarsal
Synovial, Plane
61
Available movements of intermetatarsal
Limited due to tight binding of bone
62
Ligaments of Intermetatarsal
The bases of the 2nd through to the 5th metatarsals are firmly bound by DORSAL, PLANTAR, and INTEROSSEUS ligaments.
63
The heads of the metatarsals articulate with the bases of the proximal phalanges
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joints
64
What kind of joint is the metatarsaophalangeal joint?
Synovial, condyloid
65
Available movements of metatarsophalaneal joint
Flexion/Extension (toes curl) Some abduction/adduction/circumduction (splay toes)
66
What are the ligaments of the metatarsophalangeal joint?
1. Collateral Ligaments: on either side of the joints | 2. Plantar Plate (ligaments): plantar surface of the joint capsules are thickened to form
67
The head of one phalanx articulates with the base f the phalanx distal to it
Interphalangeal joints (PIP/DIP)
68
What is PIP/DIP?
Proximal InterPhalangeal | Distal InterPhalangeal
69
Available movements of Interphalangeal Joints
Flexion/Extension
70
Ligaments of Interphalangeal joints
collateral ligaments
71
The bones of the foot form arches, which act as ___.
Shock Absorbers
72
What are the three arches?
1. Medial Longitudinal 2. Lateral Longitudinal 3. Transverse Arch
73
The arches are supported by.. (4)
1. The shape of the interlocking bones (!!!!mainly!!!!) 2. The ligaments 3. The Fascia 4. The action of the muscles
74
The bones of the Medial Longitudinal Arch
Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, 3 cuneiforms, metatarsals 1-3
75
Bones of the Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Calcaneus, Cuboid, Metatarsals 4, 5
76
Which arch should not make contact with the ground? What is it used for?
Medial Longitudinal Arch, used for propulsion (spring lig)
77
This arch involves the whole length of the foot
Transverse Arch
78
Bones of the anterior portion of the Transverse Arch
Head of 1st MT to the head of the 5th MT
79
Bones of the middle portion of the Transverse Arch
Cuneiform 1 to cuboid
80
Bones of the posterior portion of the Transverse Arch
Navicular to cuboid
81
The thick, central fascia on the sole of the foot
Plantar Fascia
82
A.k.a Plantar Fascia
Plantar Aponeurosis
83
What is the Windlass Mechanism?
Toe extends--> Plantar fascia tightens--> Pulls calcaneus anteriorly/distally --> elevates arches --> puts foot in supination

Anatomy (14 decks)

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