Mycology

Question 1

components of fungal cell membranes

Answer 1

ergosterol**

also lipids that are found in mammalian membranes (phosphatidylsethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine )

Question 2

components of fungal cell wall

Answer 2

carb polymers
--chitin (rarely found in other organisms)
--beta glucan (rarely found in other organisms)
--alpha glucan
--alpha mannan
proteins
--mannoproteins
NO DAP (thats in bacteria)

Question 3

fungi that are part of normal human flora

Answer 3

candida albicans

malassezia furfur

Question 4

saprobe (saprophyte)

Answer 4

living on dead/decaying organic material

most fungi

Question 5

yeast

Answer 5

unicellular oval structure that divides by budding or fission

• cryptococcus exists only as yeast
• yeast is pathogenic, tissue invading form for histoplasmosis capsulate

Question 6

mold

Answer 6

filamentous hyphae or mycelia that grow by apical extension, maternal branch formation, conidia, or spores –> forms communal mass mycelium

• aspergillus exists only as mold
• mold is pathogenic, tissue invading form of candida albicans

Question 7

pseudohyphae

Answer 7

variation of yeast growth

reproduces as yeast and then elongates (remains attached) –> filamentous chain or elongated yeast

Question 8

categories of medically important fungi (4)

Answer 8

1. zygomycetes: fusion of two compatible gametangia produces zygote
2. ascomycetes: 2 compatible haploid nuclei fuse –> forms diploid nucleus –> meiosis to form haploid progeny **all occurs in ascus sac
3. basidiomycetes: similar to ascomycetes but occurs in basidium sac and then haploid progeny mature on outer surface of basidium
4. deuteromyctes: no identified sex stage