myco bacterium and gram intermediate bacteria

Question 1

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Answer 1

Western shoot out, stains acid fast (has acids in mycolic acids in cell wall) carbol fucia stain. Needs long time (Lowenstein medium) to grow. Obligate aerobe. Glycolipids that make serpintine shapes, cord factor (causes pathogenisis thru granuloma formation TNF and cytokines), Has sulfatides that keep it alive in macrophages.

Transmission: human to human respiratory droplets (proliferates in macrophages)
3 things that happen after primary infection(lower or mid lungs that becomes fibrotic plugging up lymph nodes->GONE complex): 1. healed latent infection, 2 systemic infection aka miliary TB, 3 reactivation TB(immuno suppression if TNF isnt prevalent) Cough night sweats, hemeoptosis (bloody cough)

Skeletal; Pots disease- spine TB
CNS: 10-15% Meningitis or tuberculoma/cavitary lesions

Treatment: resistant to lots of drugs, treated with combo RIPE (Rifampine, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol

Profolaxin: Rifampin and Isonizid (9 months)

Question 2

Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and psittaci

Answer 2

Pirates ship
Obligate intracellular, bad gram stain, cant create its own ATP. Cell wall doesnt have muranic acid. 2 forms elementary bodies and reticulo bodies. Elementary stage in the first stage out of the cell, in the cell its in the reticulobody (can multiply and burst out of the cell). inclusion bodies bunches of bacteria in cell in a stain called Giemsa stain. NAAT test (nucleic acid amp test or PCR). Infection depends on type:
Trichomatis: 3 groups (a-c, D-K, L1-L3) D-K is the STI (DICK) with watery discharge can infect baby thru vagina-> neonatal conjuctivits and pneumonia late onset. L1-L3 lympho granuloma inguinal nodes (STI). A-C-> blindness. Reactive arthritis writers syndrome Uveitis, ureitis, arthrits

c. pneumo: old adult walking pnuemonia
c. psittaci: birds giving pneumonia

treatment: macrolides (not topical for conjuctivitis), tetracycline (doxycycline), (usually coinfected with chlamydia so you need to treat with both ceftraxone)