gram negative Bacilli respiratory tract

Question 1

Bordetella Pertussis

Answer 1

Whooping cough
Soldier in hotel room

Highly contagious, spreads by respiratory droplets, attaches with pilli (filamentous hemaglutins) in respiratory tract, releasig toxins to cause systemic infections

Toxins: Pertussis: ribosylate inhibits GI->camp, and inhibits chemokine receptors, causing lymphocytosis (high blood cells)
Adenylate cyclase toxin (exotoxin, EF)->cAMP
Tracheal Toxin: peptidoglycan-> damage to cilia epithelium in trachia

Non specific, whooping, convalescent

Macrolides, (a cellular vaccine (pure antigens with diptheria and tetanus (DTAP)))

Question 2

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 2

Holloween Cand shop
Gram negative bacteria, coccobacilliary, needs to be on chocolate agar (facr 5 and factor 10)- Factor 5 (nicotinamide NAD), factor 10-(hematin)
Infection transmitted aeorosol, in respiratory tract (pneumonia, epiglottits, otitis media, meningits (Type b capsularry form), sepsis and septic arthritis in splenectomy)

Vaccine (pollysaccharide toxoid with diptheria conjugated) 2-18 months

Ceftriaxone treatment or rifampin profolaxis

Question 3

Legionella pnemophilia

Answer 3

gram negative, need silver stain to be visualized
Battle ship scene, (needs to be grown on charcoal yeast extract with cysteine and iron)
Causes legioneris (fatal) and pontiac fever (fever and malaise)
Legioneris disease- in smokers, atypical pnumonia, chest xray patchy infiltrate, hyponitrimia (low sodium), neuro symptoms, diarrhea, high fever

Culture respitory sputum, and rapid urine anitgen test

Treated with Macrolides (fluorpquinolones have less side effects)

Oxidase positive