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Social Science > Muslim Empires > Flashcards

Muslim Empires Flashcards

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1
Q

Supreme ruler of the Ottoman Empire?

A

Sultan

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2
Q

Where did the Ottoman Empire start?

A

Anatolia, now Turkiye.

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2
Q

Who is the first ruler of the Ottoman Empire?

A

Osman 1

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3
Q

What empire did the Ottomans challenge at the start?

A

Byzantine Empire.

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4
Q

What were one of the reasons the Ottoman Empire challenged the Byzantine Empire?

A

For control of the Bosporus strait for trade.

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5
Q

What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire before the Ottomans captured it?

A

Constantinople.

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6
Q

What is Constantinople now?

A

Istanbul.

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7
Q

Who was the ruler that ended the reign of the Byzantines?

A

Mehmed II the Conqueror

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8
Q

T/F Mehmed II The Conqueror was the one who changed the name of Constantinople to Istanbul.

A

True

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9
Q

Explain the millet system.

A

Allowed limited power to minority groups within the Ottoman dominion to handle local affairs.

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10
Q

What is the Devshrime system?

A

Christian subjects were to give their male children as tributes.

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11
Q

What was the direct product of the tributes from the Devshrime system?

A

Janisarries.

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12
Q

Who was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire at it’s peak?

A

Suleyman the Magnificent.

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13
Q

What was the other name that was given to Suleyman?

A

Suleyman the Lawgiver

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14
Q

Why was he given “Suleyman the Lawgiver” as a nickname?

A

Created laws the controlled taxation and governance.

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15
Q

Which emperor defeated the Safavids of Persia?

A

Selim the Grim.

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16
Q

Where were the Safavids of Persia defeated?

A

Battle of Chaldiran.

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17
Q

Fratricide is the killing of one’s son. T/F

A

False. Murder of brothers.

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18
Q

Why did Selim the Grim get his name?

A

Known for invasions and captures of countries.

19
Q

What was the religion of the Persian population before the Safavid took over?

A

Sunni Islam

20
Q

What was the religion after the Safavids took over Persia?

A

Shi’a Islam

21
Q

What were Turkmen loyal to the Safavids called?

A

Kizilbash.

22
Q

Who was the first Shah of the Safavid empire?

A

Ismail I

23
Q

The lands that the Shah conquered were forcibly converted to Sunni. T/F

A

False, they were converted into Shi’a

24
Q

Why did the Ottomans attack the Safavids?

A

Due to the atrocities committed by Ismail to the Sunnis.

25
Q

What were the three territories lost by Safavid in the Battle of Chaldiran

A

Kurdestan, Diyarbakir, and Baghdad

26
Q

What did Shah Abbas emphasize on after their lost in the battle?

A

Use of gunpowder and firearms.

27
Q

What were the three major corps that were created by Shah Abbas?

A

Ghulams (slaves), the Tofangchis
(musketeers), and the Topchis (artillerymen)

28
Q

Shah Abbas defeated the Ottomans. T/F

A

True

29
Q

Where was the cultural epicenter under Safavid rule?

A

Eastern Persia.

30
Q

Define cultural blending

A

Mixing of cultures through trade, migration, pursuit of religious freedom, and wars.

31
Q

Where were arts and royal workshops showcased?

A

Isfahan.

32
Q

Who was the ruler that dragged the Safavid empire to it’s decline?

A

Safi.

33
Q

Who found the Mughal empire?

A

Babur

34
Q

Babur wrote the Baburnama T/F

A

True

35
Q

Were in charge of tax and revenue collection

A

Zamindars.

36
Q

What was the Baburnama about?

A

Babur’s autobiography about observations of his empire.

37
Q

Who was the ruler of the Munghal Empire during its architectural height?

A

Shah Jahan

38
Q

Why did Shah Jahan construct the Taj Mahal?

A

For his wife, Mumtaz Mahal.

39
Q

Repetition of a pattern
that fills a space without overlapping.

A

Tesselation

40
Q

Who significantly increased the territory of the Mughal Empire?

A

Akbar

41
Q

Who was one of the last effective rulers of the Mughal Empire that seized power from his brothers and father?

A

Aurangzeb

42
Q

Evokes an image of infinite extension due to its repeated geometric duplications

A

Arabesque

43
Q

Who wrote the first book of algebra?

A

Al-Khwarizmi.

44
Q

____ studied cubic
equations which would later be developed by European mathematicians

A

Umar Khayyam

45
Q

Who wrote the Book of Concessions?

A

Qasim-Al Zahrawi

45
Q

Who wrote “The Canon of Medicine”

A

Avicenna or Ibn Sina

Social Science (8 decks)

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