Muslim Empires Flashcards
Supreme ruler of the Ottoman Empire?
Sultan
Where did the Ottoman Empire start?
Anatolia, now Turkiye.
Who is the first ruler of the Ottoman Empire?
Osman 1
What empire did the Ottomans challenge at the start?
Byzantine Empire.
What were one of the reasons the Ottoman Empire challenged the Byzantine Empire?
For control of the Bosporus strait for trade.
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire before the Ottomans captured it?
Constantinople.
What is Constantinople now?
Istanbul.
Who was the ruler that ended the reign of the Byzantines?
Mehmed II the Conqueror
T/F Mehmed II The Conqueror was the one who changed the name of Constantinople to Istanbul.
True
Explain the millet system.
Allowed limited power to minority groups within the Ottoman dominion to handle local affairs.
What is the Devshrime system?
Christian subjects were to give their male children as tributes.
What was the direct product of the tributes from the Devshrime system?
Janisarries.
Who was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire at it’s peak?
Suleyman the Magnificent.
What was the other name that was given to Suleyman?
Suleyman the Lawgiver
Why was he given “Suleyman the Lawgiver” as a nickname?
Created laws the controlled taxation and governance.
Which emperor defeated the Safavids of Persia?
Selim the Grim.
Where were the Safavids of Persia defeated?
Battle of Chaldiran.
Fratricide is the killing of one’s son. T/F
False. Murder of brothers.
Why did Selim the Grim get his name?
Known for invasions and captures of countries.
What was the religion of the Persian population before the Safavid took over?
Sunni Islam
What was the religion after the Safavids took over Persia?
Shi’a Islam
What were Turkmen loyal to the Safavids called?
Kizilbash.
Who was the first Shah of the Safavid empire?
Ismail I
The lands that the Shah conquered were forcibly converted to Sunni. T/F
False, they were converted into Shi’a
Why did the Ottomans attack the Safavids?
Due to the atrocities committed by Ismail to the Sunnis.
What were the three territories lost by Safavid in the Battle of Chaldiran
Kurdestan, Diyarbakir, and Baghdad
What did Shah Abbas emphasize on after their lost in the battle?
Use of gunpowder and firearms.
What were the three major corps that were created by Shah Abbas?
Ghulams (slaves), the Tofangchis
(musketeers), and the Topchis (artillerymen)
Shah Abbas defeated the Ottomans. T/F
True
Where was the cultural epicenter under Safavid rule?
Eastern Persia.
Define cultural blending
Mixing of cultures through trade, migration, pursuit of religious freedom, and wars.
Where were arts and royal workshops showcased?
Isfahan.
Who was the ruler that dragged the Safavid empire to it’s decline?
Safi.
Who found the Mughal empire?
Babur
Babur wrote the Baburnama T/F
True
Were in charge of tax and revenue collection
Zamindars.
What was the Baburnama about?
Babur’s autobiography about observations of his empire.
Who was the ruler of the Munghal Empire during its architectural height?
Shah Jahan
Why did Shah Jahan construct the Taj Mahal?
For his wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
Repetition of a pattern
that fills a space without overlapping.
Tesselation
Who significantly increased the territory of the Mughal Empire?
Akbar
Who was one of the last effective rulers of the Mughal Empire that seized power from his brothers and father?
Aurangzeb
Evokes an image of infinite extension due to its repeated geometric duplications
Arabesque
Who wrote the first book of algebra?
Al-Khwarizmi.
____ studied cubic
equations which would later be developed by European mathematicians
Umar Khayyam
Who wrote the Book of Concessions?
Qasim-Al Zahrawi
Who wrote “The Canon of Medicine”
Avicenna or Ibn Sina
