maritime revolutions Flashcards
The Europeans were isolated from the rest of the world. T/F
False, Europeans fought the Muslims for control of the Holy Land and Marco Polo traveled to the Chinese Court of Kublai Khan
What Muslim empire reduced the ability of Europeans to travel by land to Asia?
Ottoman Turks
How did the Ottoman Turks indirectly start the Age of Exploration?
They reduced the ability of Europeans to travel by land to Asia, so they had to find sea routes.
Three reasons why Europeans staged explorations and expeditions.
God, Gold, Glory.
Not all of Europe was Christian in the 15th century T/F
False. All of Europe was Christian (Portugal and Spain are Catholic while the British were Protestant)
Why was God one of the reasons for the explorations?
Desire of spreading the word of God.
Gold was the only resource Europeans wanted to find. T/F
False. There were also other resources like spices.
Fill in the blanks: Many of the voyages were intended to spread the ______ of their country.
Influence.
These maps recorded the shape of coastlines and distances between ports.
Portolani chart.
This helped locate European navigators to accurately locate position and measure distances.
Map.
This was first used by Prince Henry the Navigator and the Portuguese
Astrolabe.
This device worked by presenting a plane representation of the celestial sphere and the major circles. It used the sun or stars to ascertain a ship’s latitude.
Astrolabe.
It showed navigators what direction they’re going to. (N/E/W/S)
Magnetic compass.
The caravel ship came from the?
Arabs.
Why was Prince Henry given the title of “the Navigator”?
He was the one who first initiated explorations and expeditions.
Who led the Invasion of Ceuta?
Prince Henry.
Prince Henry perfected an eastward route to Africa via Asia. T/F
False, Asia to Africa.
What was the most important contribution of Prince Henry in
the history of navigation and exploration?
Launched a number of
voyages that perfected an eastward route to Asia via Africa.
Portugal was the first one to establish trading ports in Africa. T/F
True.
Who discovered the Atlantic and Indian oceans?
Bartolomeu Dias.
How did Bartolomeu Dias reach the Cape of Good Hope.
He took a route in the southernmost part of Africa.
Vasco de Gama was greatly influenced by the voyages of Prince Henry the Navigator. T/F
False. He was influenced by Bartolomeu Dias.
This voyager reached Calicut, India.
Vasco da Gama.
Vasco da Gama sailed northwards into the Indian Ocean to reach Calicut. T/F
True.
Admiral Afonso de Albuquerque established a port in Gokarna. T/F
False. He established a port in Goa.
To Albuquerque, what opportunity provided them to get to the Spice Islands.
Takeover of Melaka, meaning the downfall of the Muslim Empire.
Portugal set up a port at Melaka. T/F
True.
Christopher Columbus convinced Portuguese monarch Queen Isabella that he could reach Asia by sailing westward around Africa. T/F
False. Queen Isabella was Spanish.
How many voyages did Christopher Columbus lead?
Four.
This pope issued a Papal Bull that drew an imaginary line, what is the name of the Pope and the name of the line?
Pope Alexander VI and Demarcation line.
True or False: Under the Treaty of Tordesillas, all the lands in the east belong to Spain and all the lands in the west belong to Portugal.
False. The directions are reversed.
Who disagreed to the treaty, Portugal or Spain?
Portugal.
Giovanni De Verrazano reached the New Louisiana harbor. T/F
False. He reached the New York Harbor.
This French voyager gave the name to St. Lawrence to a river and claimed Montreal in Canada.
Jacques Cartier.
Who was the leader of the discovery of the base of France’s colonial empire in North America.
Samuel de Champlain, and Quebec.
These two explored the Great Lakes and the Mississippi river.
Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet.
Sieur de La Salle found the upper Mississippi river. T/F
False, he found the LOWER Mississippi river.
Where was the first English colony?
Jamestown, Virginia.
What were the three waterways named after Henry Hudson
Hudson River, Strait, and Bay.
Mercantilism is an economic system. T/F
False, it is an economic policy.
This economic system allows most businesses which include big companies that operate locally and overseas
Capitalism.
What are vassal states?
Nations controlled by a more powerful country, often required to pay tributes as a sign of submission.
Yonglu was the first Ming emperor.
False, it was his father, Hongwu.
What were one of the changes made by Yonglu?
made Beijing the capital, launched the first seven voyages of exploration led by Zheng He, let china enter into an isolation.
What is the ritual performed when one kneels in front of the emperor and touching one’s head to the ground nine times?
Kowtow.
They let missionaries into China. T/F
False, China viewed Christianism as dangerous.
What was term for warrior-chieftains in the Sengoku era?
Daimyo
The first leader in Japan who ruled by force.
Oda Nobunaga.
Tokugawa Ieyasu was Nobunaga’s best general. T/F
False, it was Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
