i lowkey started world war 1 Flashcards
What does M.A.N.I.A. stand for?
Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Imperialism, Assassination.
What is militarism?
A policy glorifying military power.
In militarism, what happens when one country improves their military?
Other countries do the same.
What are alliances?
Agreement between two or more states for mutual benefit.
What was one potent cause of division?
When Europe divided into two alliances.
Why did Germany start making alliances?
To keep France isolated so it can’t regain Alsace and Lorraine from the Germans.
Who was the German chancellor that made an alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy?
Otto von Bismarck.
What was the alliance called between Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Germany?
Triple Alliance.
Which country did France ally with in the Entente Cordiale?
Britain.
What does Entente Cordiale mean?
“Friendly understanding”
Which three countries formed an alliance due to mutual fear of Germany?
Britain, France, and Russia.
What was the alliance between Britain, France, and Russia called?
Triple Entente.
What is nationalism?
A feeling of devotion to and pride in one’s country.
Why did a rivalry start in Europe?
Competition for materials and markets and territorial disputes.
What was the effect of imperialism?
The intense competition caused nations to be on the brink of war.
What was the immediate cause of WW1
Assassination.
Where was Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie assassinated?
Sarajevo.
Who assassinated the Archduke and his wife?
Gavrilo Princip.
What movement was Princip a part of?
The Black Hand Movement.
Who are the Allies?
Great Britain, France, Russia, America, Italy.
Who are the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria
What were the two fronts the war was fought on?
Eastern and Western.
Where was the Western Front?
the region in northern France where long and bloody stalemates were fought.
What is the Schlieffen Plan?
First attack and defeat France in the west and rush to the east to battle Russia.
Where was the Eastern Front?
along the German and Russian border.
What caused the engagement of women in the workforce?
Millions of men who died in the war.
When did President Woodrow Wilson announce neutrality in the country?
1914.
How did Americans’ Anti-German feelings grow?
When a German U-Boat sank the British ship Lusitania.
Who was the German foreign secretary that sent a secret telegram code to Mexico for alliance?
Arthur Zimmerman
When did the U.S declare war on Germany?
April 1917.
What Chinese territory did Germany lose in the war?
Shandong
What Pacific countries were given to the United Kingdom?
Samoa and New Guinea.
What is civic nationalism?
national identity is defined by shared civic and political values.
What is ethnic nationalism?
defined by ethnic identity which includes a common language
What is disruptive nationalism?
includes people under foreign domination.
What is aggressive nationalism?
includes an act of aggression between two or more nations that differ in ideas.
What is contemporary nationalism?
any nationalist events that have come after WW2.
Who is Alexander III?
He wanted to wipe all forms of revolt, and wanted to establish a unified Russian culture.
What is Pogroms.
“Organized violence against Jews.”
Who is Karl Marx?
A German philosopher whose ideas influenced revolutionary leaders to seek reform.
What is the “dictator of the proletariat?”
Belief that workers would overthrow the czars and would eventually rule the country.
What was Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov’s new name?
Lenin
Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks?
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov.
What was Ulyanov’s slogan?
“Peace, Land, and Bread.”
What is the New Economic Policy?
Peasants are allowed to be engaged in small scale businesses.
What did the Bolshevik leaders rename Russia to?
United Soviet Socialist Republic. (USSR)
Who rose to power after Lenin’s death?
Joseph Stalin.
What was Stalin’s campaign and what was it about?
Great Purge, he ordered the death of people who opposed his power, including companions and comrades.
What are Kulaks?
Class of wealthy farmers.
T/F. Women had no involvement in Stalin’s Five-Year Plans.
False. Women were allowed to study Math and Science. In fact, 75% of Russia’s doctors were women.
Why did Chinese people believe that they needed to modernize?
To counter Westerners, as foreign influence was growing the in country
Chinese people protested the territories that were given to Japan instead of China in the Treaty of Versailles. A lot of people organized a national movement in Beijing to protest this, what was the national movement called?
May Fourth Movement.
What inspired the establishment of the Chinese Communist party?
Lenin’s brand of Soviet communism.
Who were one of the first few founders of the Chinese Communist party?
Mao Zedong.
What is the Rowlatt Act?
It allowed a Great-Britain controlled government to imprison protesters without trial.
The Rowlatt Act led to a peaceful protest. T/F?
False. It led to the Amritsar Massacre.
Who was the leader of the Indian Revolution?
Mohandas Gandhi.
This Turkish general used his military intelligence and influence to ignite the nationalistic feeling of the Turkish people to fight against the Greek and British.
Mustafa Kemal.
Who changed Persia’s name to Iran?
Reza Shah Pahlavi
Who unified Arabia and gave it it’s new name of Saudi Arabia in 1902?
Adb al-Aziz Ibn Saud.
