Muskoskeletal System: Lesson 4

Question 1

What are articulations/joints

Answer 1

●Connections between two bones
that allow us to MOVE

●Body movements happen when
muscles contract across joints,
moving one bone toward another

Question 2

What are the 3 types of joints?

Answer 2

Synarthroses: Non-moveable

• Fibrous: The bones between the skull or connection between teeth & jaws
• Bony fusion: Sutures

Amphiarthroses: Slightly Moveable

• Fibrous: Connection between tibius & fibula
• Cartilaginous: Pubic symphysis

Diarthroses (synovial joints): freely moveable

• Limbs
• Contains synovial fluid that lubricates the joint (reduces friction between bones, improves ROM, creates pain free movement)

Question 3

What are the 6 types of diarthroses?

Answer 3

Ellipsoidal/Condylar - biaxial
Hinge - uniaxial
Pivot - uniaxial
Plane/gliding - Nonaxial
Saddle - biaxial
Ball & socket - multiaxial

Question 4

What are movements permitted by the ellipsoidal joint and what are examples?

Answer 4

All 4 angular movements; has to allow all 4 to be ellipsoidal

Ex.
Metacarpophalangeal (knuckle Joints)
Wrist joints

Question 5

What are movements permitted by the hinge joint and what are examples?

Answer 5

Flexion and extension

Interphalangeal joints, elbow joints

Question 6

What are movements permitted by the pivot joint and what are examples?

Answer 6

Rotation

Ex.
Proximal radioulnar joint
Atlantoaxial joints

Question 7

What are movements permitted by plane/gliding joints and what are examples?

Answer 7

None

ex.
intercarpal joints
intertarsal joints
Vertebral columns

Question 8

What are movements permitted by saddle joints and what are examples?

Answer 8

all 4 angular movements, the only difference from ellipsoidal is shape

Carpometacarpal joints of the thumbs and toes

Question 9

What are movements permitted by ball and socket joints and what are examples?

Answer 9

All angular movements + Rotation

Shoulder joints and hip joints