Musculoskeltal - Okay, Actually Part 2! - Unit 2 Flashcards
What is gangrene?
Infection of the tissue.
What is osteosarcoma?
Cancer of the bone.
What’s an allograft?
Graft from another human.
1.8 Million american have an amputation each year. T/F?
True!
<10 percent of amputations are upper extremity. T/F?
True!
50,000 lower limb amputations yearly. T/F?
True!
Amputations aren’t really caused by DM or PVD - T/F?
FALSE - almost 80% of amputations are caused by these diseases!
With a great toe amputation, what happens?
The toe is removed, it’s less painful, but you have to watch for balance and gait problems.
Mid-foot amputations - reduced pain? Weight bearing?
Yes, along with weight bearing without prosthesis.
The more there is to take off, the more energy to move it. T/F?
True!
What is BKA? AKA?
BKA = Below knee amputation. AKA = Above knee amputation.
The higher the amputation, the more energy required for mobility. T/F?
True!
What are some standard post-amputation considerations?
Pain management, infection (wound, lung), DVT/PE, pressure ulcer.
In what time-frame would we like the wound to be healed in?
4-8 weeks.
What are some parts of care for the stump?
Closure, drains, dressings and stockings, compression and shaping.
Wrapping a stump - what should happen?
Patient should be flat/straight, it should be done in a figure 8 - not circular, no wrinkles, tighter at the bottom, overlap 1/4”, tension - tight but not too tight!
Should we always keep an eye on the stump area?
Yes!
What’s a contracture?
That’s when it becomes knotty and you can’t extend it.
Is elevation good or bad?
Bad - don’t keep the part elevated for too long!
Neuroma = what is it?
A tumor that can be painful - it’s at the amputation site.
With phantom limb pain, how do we treat it?
Well, it happens in about 55-85% of the cases - we should start with opioids but not long term. They might need other drugs, TENS, mirror therapy, etc.
Will the patient need psychological support?
YES - lots of it for many different things. Focus on them!
What is muscular dystrophy?
Progressive muscle weakness, death of muscle cells and tissues - it’s a gene problem.
What are the muscle types? (3)
Skeletal (Voluntary and striated), Cardiac (involuntary and striated), Smooth (Involuntary and non-striated)