Common Preoperative Medications - Unit 2 Flashcards
What class are Atropine and Scopolamine in?
Anticholinergic Class.
What do atropine and scopolamine do?
These have sedative and amnesic effects - they dry up secretions in the airway.
Atropine and Scopolamine - we need to give pretty close to surgery time, right?
Yup - they have little effectiveness if more than an hour elapses before the beginning of anesthesia.
What does Reglan (Metoclopramide) do?
It is a gastric motility stimulant, which reduces gastric volume and is also an antiemetic.
What does Valium do?
It is an anti-anxiety medication (it’s a Benzo), and proudces amnesia and sedation.
What does Ativan do?
It’s a Benzo - it produces amnesia and sedation.
Ativan - can it cause seizures in a person with a seizure disorder?
Yes!
Versed (Midazolam) - what does it do?
It’s a benzo - it helps with preoperative anxiety.
Versed - can it cause seizures in a person with seizure disorders and accumulate as a metabolite in renal failure patients?
Yes!
What is Tagamet (Cimetidine)?
It’s a H2 receptor antagonist that increases gastric PH, which treats acid indigestion.
What does Zantac (Ranitidine) do?
It’s a H2 receptor antagonist that increased gastric PH, but it also treats GERD
What are some side effects of Zantac?
Constipation, muscle pain, vomiting and agitation.
What does Pepcid (Famotidine) do?
It’s an H2 receptor antagonist that increased gastric PH.
What are some side effects of Pepcid?
Fast or pounding heartbeat, confusion, hallucinations, allergic reaction.
What does Zofran (Ondansetron) do?
It’s an antiemetic. It’s a serotonin 3 receptor antagonist)
Phenergan (Promethazine) - what is it?
It’s for motion sickness, N/V, dizziness, helps with sleeping, etc.
What are some side effects of phenergan?
First, it’s causative to the veins - so dilute it! Secondly, it can cause allergic reactions, twitching, tremors, uncontrollable movements of lips and eyes, restless, jittery movements, irregular heartbeats, reyes syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrone, etc.
What is Inapsine (droperidol)?
It is used for postoperative N/V - it is used lastly, because it has some heart side effects, like VT and CHF.
What is compazine (prochlorparazine) ?
What is used for N/V, with side effects of headache, insomnia, depression, dizziness…etc. DO NOT USE with patients who have dementia and patients who take antipsychotic drugs - could cause death!
Anesthesiologists - want to give opiates first and then short acting barbiturates. T/F?
True!
Using a hypnotic and an opiate is used cautiously with those with increased ICP - true/false?
True!
