Immune Deficiencies - Unit 4 Flashcards
What are the two types of immune deficiencies?
Congenital (born with it) and Acquired (drug, radiation, invader, etc.)
Immune Deficiencies - are they on a spectrum?
Yes, some are worse, others not so much.
Immune Deficiency - doesn’t cause total failure of immune system - could be part or all - it just depends. T/F?
True!
What do cytotoxic drugs do?
They target rapidly dividing cells. They reduce WBC production - so anemia and thrombocytopenia are also present.
What do corticosteroids do?
They disrupt migration of monocytes and neutrophils. They also cause immunosuppression, prevent t-cell release from bone marrow, and prevent cell mediated immunity and antigen-antibody binding.
What do cyclosporines do?
They block the helper t-cell (the general), so no motivation/direction is occurring.
Radiation - what is most sensitive with this?
Neutrophils and lymphocytes.
Radiation - location is key for damage. T/F?
True - some areas are more sensitive to others. Think about the arm versus a leg - bone marrow?
Drug and radiation induced immune deficiencies are usually not temporary. T/F?
FALSE - they are.
HIV - what does it do once it enters the body?
It searches for the CD4 Helper Cells. It then binds to it and it then reproduces. Once it reproduces, these cells become different - their goal is to kill others. DNA has to be manipulated as well.
Drugs - What do entry inhibitors do? What do nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors do? What do integrase inhibitors do? What do protease inhibitors do?
What do entry inhibitors do? - Block Entry.
What do nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors do? - Prevents RNA –> DNA conversion.
What do integrase inhibitors do? Prevents integrase from working.
What do protease inhibitors do? Snips off pieces.
The ELISA test - it is the end all, be all test. T/F?
False - it’s the first test. Further testing needs to be done after this.
What is the test that confirms HIV?
The western blot!
HIV - is the viral load high or low in the beginning?
HIGH.
When does HIV become AIDS?
When the CD4 count is below 200.
