Musculoskeletal System Disorders (Ch6) Flashcards
weakness or paralysis of extensors to the wrist, MCPs, and thumb; wrist drop
radial nerve palsy
what is the most common carpal fracture?
scaphoid fracture
which protocol for early mobilization of flexor tendon repairs involves passive flexion and extension of the digit?
Duran Protocol
which muscle depresses the scapula?
lower trapezius
These symptoms characterize what injury? Claw hand, flattened metacarpal arch, Froment’s sign
Ulnar nerve laceration
stenosing tenosynovitis of the APL and EPB
de Quervain’s
what splint is appropriate for conservative treatment of radial nerve palsy?
dynamic extension splint
which extrinsic flexor muscles of the hand are innervated by the median nerve?
FDS, FDP, FPL
what does the Finkelstein’s Test look for?
de Quervain’s
fusion to repair a fracture
arthrodesis
which extrinsic flexors of the hand are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
FDP
how is Dupuytren’s treated?
surgical release
which muscle performs horizontal abduction of the shoulder?
posterior deltoid
name amputation: loss of entire UE
shoulder disarticulation
burn classification: involves epidermis and dermis, nerve endings; absence of sensation; requires skin graft
full thickness
which muscles perform shoulder flexion?
anterior deltoid, supraspinatus, coracobrachialis
fracture of the distal radius with volar displacement
Smith’s fracture
degeneration of the wrist extensor tendons (especially ECRB)
lateral epicondylitis
which extrinsic extensors of the hand are innervated by the radial nerve?
extensor digitiorum communis (EDC), extensor digiti minimi (EDM), extensor indicis, EPL, EPB, APL
which muscles are innervated by the suprascapular n.?
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
fracture of the distal radius with dorsal displacement
Colles’ fracture
hyperextension of PIP joint and flexion of DIP joint
Swan neck deformity
which nerves contribute to shoulder abduction?
axillary and suprascapular
which muscle flexes the elbow when the forearm is supinated?
biceps
burn classification: involves epidermis and deep portion of dermis; appears red, white, and elastic; heals 21-35 days
deep partial thickness
what splint is appropriate for conservative treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome?
elbow splint (especially at night)
ulnar nerve compression at the wrist with numbness and tingling, weakness
Guyon’s canal
which muscles are part of the rotator cuff?
subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
vasomotor dysfunction with symptoms that include severe pain, edema, discoloration, osteoporosis, sudomotor changes, temperature changes
CRPS
These symptoms characterize what injury? inability to extend digits to release objects, wrist drop
radial nerve laceration
rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament of the MCP joint of the thumb
Skier’s thumb
contraindications for CRPS
PROM, joint mobs, dynamic splinting
what is conservative treatment for carpal tunnel?
wrist splint in neutral, nerve glides, activity mods
which muscles elevate the scapula?
trapezius and levator scapulae
which muscle(s) perform: MCP flexion and IP extension?
lumbricals
for conservative treatment of lateral or medial epicondylitis, which splint is appropriate?
wrist splint with elbow strap
which nerves innervate elbow extension?
radial n.
which nerve innervates teres minor?
axillary n.
which muscle(s) perform: abduction and assist with MCP flexion and IP extension (digits 2-5)?
dorsal interossei
what splint is appropriate for CMC arthritis?
hand-based thumb splint
in which direction is it most common to dislocate a shoulder?
anterior
which muscles perform shoulder extension?
latissimus dorsi, teres minor, posterior deltoid
which muscle flexes and radially deviates the wrist?
FCR
for mallet finger deformity, what splint is appropriate?
DIP extension splint
which muscle abducts and flexes the shoulder?
supraspinatus
which dorsal forearm muscles are innervated by the radial nerve?
supinator
which splint is appropriate for trigger finger?
hand based trigger finger splint (MCP extended, IP joints free)
what is a functional position for hand splint?
wrist in 20-30; MCP in 70 flexion; IPs fully extended; thumb abducted and extended
which muscle flexes the elbow when the forearm is pronated?
brachialis
which muscle extends the MCP joints and contributes to extension of the IP joints?
extensor digitorum communis
which volar forearm muscles are innervated by the median nerve?
pronator teres, pronator quadratus
for Boutonniere deformity, what splint is appropriate?
PIP extension splint with DIP free
what is the rationale for early mobilization of tendon repairs?
prevents adhesion formation, facilitates healing
joint replacement
arthroplasty
which muscle(s) perform: adduction and assist with MCP flexion and IP extension (digits 2-5)?
palmar interossei
which muscles perform shoulder abduction?
middle deltoid and supraspinatus
this splint would be appropriate following surgical repair of what? volar wrist splint with wrist in 20-30 extension, MCPs in 0-10 flexion, IPs in full extension
extensor tendon repair Zone V, VI, or VII
which splint is appropriate for Skier’s thumb?
thumb splint
disorder characterized by malformed bones, insufficient collagen, loose joints, hearing loss, and respiratory problems
osteogenesis imperfecta
which intrinsic muscles of the hand are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
abductor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, adductor, lumbricals (ulnar side), palmar and dorsal interossei
burn classification: involves epidermis only; heals 3-7 days
superficial
name amputation: loss of clavicle, scapula, and entire UE
forequarter
which muscle internally rotates the shoulder?
subscapularis
what splint is appropriate for Dupuytren’s?
extension splint
Protocol for early mobilization of flexor tendon repairs involving passive flexion using rubber band traction and active extension to the hood of the splint
Kleinert Protocol
nerve endings adhered to scar tissue that are hypersensitive
neuromas
fracture of the 5th metacarpal
Boxer’s fracture
which muscle performs horizontal adduction of the shoulder?
pectoralis minor
ulnar nerve compression at the elbow with numbness, pain, and weakness
Cubital tunnel syndrome
name amputation: loss of half of pelvis and entire LE
hemipelvectomy
tenosynovitis of the finger flexors, most commonly the A1 pulley
trigger finger
interventions for CRPS
weight-bearing, joint distraction, edema management, AROM, splinting to prevent contractures
which muscle flexes and ulnar deviates the wrist?
FCU
which nerves contribute to shoulder flexion?
axillary and musculocutaneous nn.
what splint treats a Boxer’s fracture?
ulnar gutter splint
which muscles extend the elbow?
triceps and anconeus mm.
what splint is appropriate for de Quervain’s?
thumb spica with IP free
which splint is appropriate after flexor tendon repairs?
dorsal block splint
degeneration of the wrist flexor tendons
medial epicondylitis
name amputation: amputation of UE distal to the elbow joint
elbow disarticulation
which wrist flexors are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
flexor carpi ulnaris
what splint would be appropriate for someone with an ulnar nerve laceration?
MCP flexion block splint
compression of the median nerve with symptoms of numbness and tingling in thumb, index, middle, and radial half of the ring finger
Carpal tunnel syndrome
which nerves innervate elbow flexion?
musculocutaneous and radial nn.
which muscle flexes the elbow when the forearm is neutral?
brachioradialis
burn classification: involves epidermis and upper portion of dermis (sunburn); heals 7-21 days
superficial partial thickness
which tendons are involved in de Quervain’s?
APL and EPB
which muscle flexes the DIP joints?
FDP
which muscle flexes the PIP joints?
FDS
which muscles externally rotate the shoulder?
infraspinatus and teres minor
burn classification: involves fat, muscle, bone
4th degree burn
restricted PROM of shoulder; greatest limitation is ER, then abduction, IR, flexion
adhesive capsulitis
which nerves contribute to shoulder extension?
thoracodorsal, subscapular, axillary nn.
which wrist flexors are innervated by the median nerve?
flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus
which muscles perform upward rotation of the scapula?
trapezius and serratus anterior
which muscles perform downward rotation of the scapula?
levator scapulae, rhomboids, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi
which wrist extensors are innervated by the radial nerve?
extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris
disease of the fascia of the palm and digits, resulting in flexion deformities of the involved digits
Dupuytren’s disease
which nerve innervates subscapularis?
subscapular n.
which muscles contribute to elbow flexion?
biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis mm.
which intrinsic muscles of the hand are innervated by the median nerve?
abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head), lumbricals (radial side)
flexion of PIP joint and hyperextension of DIP joint
Boutonniere deformity
