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NBCOT > Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System Disorders (Ch8) > Flashcards

Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System Disorders (Ch8) Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of the distal conducting airways; associated with smoking

A

peripheral airways disease

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2
Q

METs level: typing, walking 2mph, light woodworking

A

2-3

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3
Q

clinical manifestation of ischemia characterized by mild to moderate substernal chest pain/discomfort most commonly felt as pressure or dull ache in the chest and left arm

A

angina pectoris

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4
Q

METs level: hoeing, table tennis, cycling 8mph

A

4-5

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5
Q

disorder characterized by poor expiratory flow rates

A

COPD

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6
Q

what is a normal infant heart rate?

A

120 bpm

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7
Q

amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute; dependent upon heart rate and stroke volume

A

cardiac output

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8
Q

records ECG signals over a 24-hour period while person engages in normal daily routine to determine heart function during various activities

A

holter monitor

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9
Q

diminished blood supply to affected extremities with pulses decreased or absent; occurs with walking and is relieved by rest

A

occlusive peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

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10
Q

atherosclerotic disease process that narrows the lumen of coronary arteries resulting in ischemia to the myocardium

A

coronary artery disease

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11
Q

classic exertional angina occurring during exercise; relieved with rest and/or sublingual nitroglycerin

A

stable angina

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12
Q

inappropriate elevation of blood glucose levels and accelerated atherosclerosis

A

diabetic angiopathy

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13
Q

clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of the blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body

A

heart failure

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14
Q

what is a normal adult blood pressure?

A

110-140 systolic/60-80 diastolic

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15
Q

coronary insufficiency at rest without any precipitating factors or extertion; chest pain increases in severity, frequency, and duration; increases risk for MI; pain is difficult to control

A

unstable angina

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16
Q

a self-report rating scale which ranges from no extertion at all to maximal exertion

A

Borg rate of perceived exertion

17
Q

severe left ventricle pathology producing back up into lungs, increased PA pressure, and RV signs of HF

A

biventricular failure

18
Q

METs level: desk work, standing, playing cards

A

1.5-2

19
Q

blood is not adequately returned from the systemic circulation to the heart

A

right heart failure

20
Q

METs level: running 5.5mph, fencing, squash

A

8-9

21
Q

METs level: running 6mph or faster, ski touring, competitive handball

A

10+

22
Q

average amount of blood ejected per heart beat

A

stroke volume

23
Q

walls of immature lungs thicken, making exchange of oxygen and CO2 more difficult; complication of prematurity

A

bronchopulmonary dysplasia

24
Q

what is a normal adult heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm

25
Q

METs level: shoveling, tennis, manual lawn mowing

A

6-7

26
Q

inflammation of a vein in association with the formation of a thrombus; usually in LE; medical emergency

A

deep vein thrombosis

27
Q

vertebral collapse caused by TB resulting in compression of the spinal cord; can compromise spinal structural integrity

A

Rood’s disease

28
Q

METs level: digging ditches, basketball, ice hockey

A

7-8

29
Q

left-sided heart failure; blood is not adequately pumped into systemic circulation

A

congestive heart failure

30
Q

insufficient production of surfactant to keep alveoli open in premature infants

A

respiratory distress syndrome

31
Q

METs level: digging garden, walking 4mph, skating

A

5-6

32
Q

METs level: machine assembly, archery, walking 3mph

A

3-4

33
Q

permanent abnormal enlargement and destruction of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles

A

emphysema

34
Q

what is a normal adult respiratory rate?

A

12-20 breaths per min

35
Q

prolonged ischemia, injury, and death of an area of the myocardium caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries

A

myocardial infarction

36
Q

percentage of blood emptied from the ventricle during systole; a clinically useful measure of left ventricle function

A

ejection fraction

37
Q

caused by vasospasm of coronary arteries in the absence of occlusive disease; responds well to nitroglycerin or calcium channel blocker long term

A

variant angina

38
Q

chronic inflammatory vascular occlusive disease of small arteries and veins; common in young males who smoke; begins distally and progresses proximally; symptoms are pain, paresthesias, cold extremities, fatigue

A

Buerger’s disease

NBCOT (14 decks)

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