Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System Disorders (Ch8) Flashcards
inflammation of the distal conducting airways; associated with smoking
peripheral airways disease
METs level: typing, walking 2mph, light woodworking
2-3
clinical manifestation of ischemia characterized by mild to moderate substernal chest pain/discomfort most commonly felt as pressure or dull ache in the chest and left arm
angina pectoris
METs level: hoeing, table tennis, cycling 8mph
4-5
disorder characterized by poor expiratory flow rates
COPD
what is a normal infant heart rate?
120 bpm
amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute; dependent upon heart rate and stroke volume
cardiac output
records ECG signals over a 24-hour period while person engages in normal daily routine to determine heart function during various activities
holter monitor
diminished blood supply to affected extremities with pulses decreased or absent; occurs with walking and is relieved by rest
occlusive peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
atherosclerotic disease process that narrows the lumen of coronary arteries resulting in ischemia to the myocardium
coronary artery disease
classic exertional angina occurring during exercise; relieved with rest and/or sublingual nitroglycerin
stable angina
inappropriate elevation of blood glucose levels and accelerated atherosclerosis
diabetic angiopathy
clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of the blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body
heart failure
what is a normal adult blood pressure?
110-140 systolic/60-80 diastolic
coronary insufficiency at rest without any precipitating factors or extertion; chest pain increases in severity, frequency, and duration; increases risk for MI; pain is difficult to control
unstable angina
a self-report rating scale which ranges from no extertion at all to maximal exertion
Borg rate of perceived exertion
severe left ventricle pathology producing back up into lungs, increased PA pressure, and RV signs of HF
biventricular failure
METs level: desk work, standing, playing cards
1.5-2
blood is not adequately returned from the systemic circulation to the heart
right heart failure
METs level: running 5.5mph, fencing, squash
8-9
METs level: running 6mph or faster, ski touring, competitive handball
10+
average amount of blood ejected per heart beat
stroke volume
walls of immature lungs thicken, making exchange of oxygen and CO2 more difficult; complication of prematurity
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
what is a normal adult heart rate?
60-100 bpm
METs level: shoveling, tennis, manual lawn mowing
6-7
inflammation of a vein in association with the formation of a thrombus; usually in LE; medical emergency
deep vein thrombosis
vertebral collapse caused by TB resulting in compression of the spinal cord; can compromise spinal structural integrity
Rood’s disease
METs level: digging ditches, basketball, ice hockey
7-8
left-sided heart failure; blood is not adequately pumped into systemic circulation
congestive heart failure
insufficient production of surfactant to keep alveoli open in premature infants
respiratory distress syndrome
METs level: digging garden, walking 4mph, skating
5-6
METs level: machine assembly, archery, walking 3mph
3-4
permanent abnormal enlargement and destruction of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles
emphysema
what is a normal adult respiratory rate?
12-20 breaths per min
prolonged ischemia, injury, and death of an area of the myocardium caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries
myocardial infarction
percentage of blood emptied from the ventricle during systole; a clinically useful measure of left ventricle function
ejection fraction
caused by vasospasm of coronary arteries in the absence of occlusive disease; responds well to nitroglycerin or calcium channel blocker long term
variant angina
chronic inflammatory vascular occlusive disease of small arteries and veins; common in young males who smoke; begins distally and progresses proximally; symptoms are pain, paresthesias, cold extremities, fatigue
Buerger’s disease
