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Physical Assesment 2023 > Musculoskeletal System (BATES) > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System (BATES) Flashcards

1
Q

What are synovial joints

A

Bones of these joints do not touch each other, and the joint articulations are freely movable

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2
Q

What are examples of ball and socket joints

A

Shoulder
Hip

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3
Q

What are examples of hinge joints

A

Interphalangeal joints of hand and foot
Elbow

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4
Q

What are the different types of condylar joints

A

Knee
TMJ

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5
Q

What is the definition of hinge joints

A

They are flat, planar, or slightly curved allowing only a gliding motion in a single plane
*flexion and extension of the elbow

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6
Q

What is the definition of condylar joints

A

Have articulating surfaces that are convex or concave
*allow for flexion, extension, rotation and motion in the coronal plane

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7
Q

What are cartilaginous joints

A
  1. Fibrocartilaginous disc separates the bony surfaces of these joints
    *allow for a small amount of movement
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8
Q

What are examples of cartilaginous joints

A
  1. Symphysis pubis
  2. Sternomanubrial joint
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9
Q

What are fibrous joints

A
  1. Have intervening layers of fibrous tissue or cartilage that hold the bones together
    *no movement
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10
Q

What are examples of fibrous joints

A

Sutures of the skull

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11
Q

What are articular structures

A
  1. Joint capsules
  2. Articular cartilage
  3. Synovium and synovial fluid
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12
Q

What are extraarticular structures

A
  1. Ligaments
  2. Tendons
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13
Q

Pathology of articular structures involves what

A
  1. Swelling and tenderness of the joints
  2. Crepitus
  3. Instability
  4. Locking
    *limits both active and passive range of motion
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14
Q

Pathology involving extraarticular structures involve what

A
  1. Rarely cause intraarticular joint swelling
  2. Instability
  3. Or tenderness
    *limits active ROM only
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15
Q

Generalized aches and pains are called what

A

Myalgias

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16
Q

What is joint pain without evidence of arthritis

A

Arthralgia

17
Q

What type of ROM does articular joint pain decrease?

A
  1. Active
  2. Passive
18
Q

What type of ROM does periarticular joint pain decreases

A
  1. Pain with active ROM
  2. Passive is intact
19
Q

What is the most common spinal cord spoon for radicular pain

A

C6 and C7

20
Q

What are the categories of LBP

A
  1. Non-specific
  2. Nerve root entrapment with spinal stenosis
  3. Pain from specific underlying disease
21
Q

What is nonspecific low back pain from

A
  1. Musculoligamentous injuries
  2. Age-related degenerative processes of the intervertebral discs
22
Q

What is sciatica

A
  1. Radicular gluteal and posterior leg pain usually caused by impingement nerve roots at the L4 S1 root levels
23
Q

Steps to completing the musculoskeletal examination

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation of bony structures
  3. Range of motion
  4. Special maneuvers
24
Q

What are bow legs genu Varum or genu valgum

A

Gen Varum

25
Q

What are knock knee genu varum or valgum

A

Genu valgum

26
Q

What are the four signs of inflammation

A
  1. Swelling
  2. Warmth
  3. Redness
  4. Pain or tenderness
27
Q

Active and passive ROM demonstrate what>

A

Limitations in ROM or joint instability

28
Q

What muscles are involved in opening on the mouth

A
  1. Inferior head of lateral pterygoid
  2. Anterior digastric
  3. Mylohyoid
29
Q

What muscles are involved in closing of the mouth

A
  1. Masseter
  2. Anterior and middle Temporalis
  3. Medial pterygoid
  4. Superior head lateral pterygoid
30
Q

What muscles are involved with protrusion of the mouth

A

Lateral pterygoid

31
Q

What muscles are involved in retraction of the outh

A

Middle and posterior Temporalis

32
Q

What are the dynamic stabilizers of the shoulder

A

SITS
1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus
3. Teres minor
4. Subscapularis

33
Q

What are the static stabilizers of the shoulder

A
  1. Labrum
  2. Articular capsule
  3. Glenohumeral ligaments
34
Q

What is another term for lateral epicondylitis

A

Tennis elbow

35
Q

What is another term for medial epicondylitis

A

Golfers elbow

Physical Assesment 2023 (20 decks)

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