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Physical Assesment 2023 > Behavior And Mental Status > Flashcards

Behavior And Mental Status Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of levels of attention?

A
  1. Alert
  2. Lethargic
  3. Obtunded
  4. Stuporous
  5. Coma
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2
Q

What is the “alert” LOC

A

The patient is awake and aware

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3
Q

What is the “lethargic” LOC

A

You must speak to the patient in a loud forceful manner to get a response

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4
Q

What is the “obtunded” LOC

A

You must shake a patient tot get a response

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5
Q

What is the “Stuporous” LOC

A

The patient is unarousable except by painful stimuli (sternal rub)

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6
Q

What is the coma LOC

A

The patient is completely unarousable

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7
Q

What does short-term memory cover?

A

Events or memories that occurred minutes to days before

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8
Q

What does long-term memory cover

A

Events or memories that occurred months to years before

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9
Q

What orientation questions should the patient know /

A
  1. Person (who they are)
  2. Place (where they are)
  3. Time (when is it)
  4. Situation (why they are there)
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10
Q

What is the definition of perception?

A

Awareness of the objects in the environment to the 5 senses and their interrelationships

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11
Q

What is the definition of thought processes

A

The logic, coherence and relevance of a patient’s thoughts as they lead to thoughts and goals
*how people think

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12
Q

What is the definition of insight?

A

Awareness that’s thought, symptoms, or behaviors are normal or abnormal
*knowing that a daydream or hallucination is not real

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13
Q

What is the definition of judgment

A

Process of comparing and evaluating different possible courses of action

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14
Q

What is the definition of affect in relation to mental status and behavior?

A

The observable mood of a person expressed through facial expression,body movement, and voice
*what you see as the HCP

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15
Q

What is the definition of mood

A

The sustained emotion of the patient
*what the patient is feeling

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16
Q

What euthymic

A

Normal mood

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17
Q

What is dysthymic

A

Depressed mood

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18
Q

What is manic

A

Elated mood

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19
Q

What is higher cognitive functions

A

The level of intelligence assessed by vocabulary, knowledge base, calculations, and abstract thinking

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20
Q

What comprises the mental status examination?

A
  1. Appearance and behavior
  2. Speech and language
  3. Mood
  4. Thoughts and perceptions
  5. Cognitive function
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21
Q

What to consider when observing posture and motor behavior

A
  1. Does the patient lie in bed or prefer to walk around
  2. Is the patient sitting or lying comfortably
  3. Is the patient agitated with repetitive movements
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22
Q

What to consider when assessing appearance and behavior?

A
  1. Does the affect reflect the mood
  2. Is the affect stable or labile (mood changing from happiness to tears and back quickly)
  3. Does the patient seem to see or hear things you do not
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23
Q

What to consider when assessing speech and language

A

Quantity: is the patient talkative or silent
Rate: is the speech fast or slow
Loud: is speech loud or soft
Articulation of words: does the patient speak clearly and distinctly?

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24
Q

What does fluency of speech involve?

A

Fluency involves the rate, flow, and melody of speech

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25
Q

What is circumlocutions?

A

Words or phrases are substituted for the word a person cannot remember
EX: “the thing you block out your writing with” (for an eraser)

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26
Q

What is paraphasias?

A

Words are malformed
*I write with a den
*I write with a branch
*I write with a dar

27
Q

When assessing mood what type of questions should you ask?

A

Use open ended questions

28
Q

What are abnormalities in the thought process?

A
  1. Circumstantiality
  2. Derailment
  3. Fight of ideas
  4. Neologisms
  5. Incoherence
  6. Blocking
  7. Confabulation
  8. Perseveration
  9. Echolalia
  10. Clanging
29
Q

What is circumstantiality?

A

Speech characterized by indirection and delay due to the patients excessive use of details that have no connection to the point

30
Q

What is derailment

A

Speech in which a person shift topics with no apparent relation between the topics

31
Q

What is flight of ideas

A

Accelerated change of topics in a very fast but generally coherent manner

32
Q

What is neologisms

A

Invented or distorted words

33
Q

What is incoherence

A

Speech that is incomprehensible because it is illogical

34
Q

What is blocking

A

Sudden interruption of speech, before the completion of an idea, occurs in normal people

35
Q

What is confabulation

A

Fabrication of facts to hide memory impairment

36
Q

What is perseveration

A

Persistent repetition of words or ideas

37
Q

What is Echolalia

A

Repetition of words or phrases of others

38
Q

What is clanging

A

Choosing a word on the basis of sound rather than meaning

39
Q

What are the abnormalities of though content?

A
  1. Compulsions
  2. Obsessions
  3. Phobias
  4. Anxiety
  5. Delusions
40
Q

What is compulsions

A

Repetitive behaviors that a person feels driven to perform to prevent or produce some future state affairs

41
Q

What is obsession

A

Recurrent, uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses that a patient considers unacceptable

42
Q

What are phobias

A

Persistent fear of a stimuli the patient feels irrational

43
Q

What is anxiety

A

Apprehension or fear that may be focused (phobia) or free floating (general sense of dread)

44
Q

What is a delusion

A

False, fixed beliefs that are not shared by other members of the persons culture

45
Q

What is delusion of reference

A

A person believes an outside event or object has an unusual personal reference to them
*A comet passing earth means the patient should buy a car

46
Q

What is a somatic delusion

A

Believing one has a disease or defect that he does not

47
Q

What is a systematized delusion

A

A single delusion with many elaborations around a single theme all systematized into a complex network
*KBG is after the patient

48
Q

What are the abnormalities of perception

A
  1. Illusion
  2. Hallucinations
49
Q

What is an illusion?

A

Misinterpretations of renal stimuli
*The postman leaves mail, therefore there is a plot to poison the patient

50
Q

What is a hallucination

A

A subjective external stimuli the patient hears or sees that others do not hear or see

51
Q

What are the ways to assess attention?

A
  1. Digital span
  2. Serial 7s
  3. Spelling backward
52
Q

What are somatoform disorders?

A

Physical symptoms suggesting physical illness or injury but cannot be fully explained by a general medical condition, direct effect of a substance or attributable to another mental disorder

53
Q

What are common somatoform disorders?

A
  1. Somatization disorder
  2. Conversion disorder
  3. Pain disorder
  4. Hypochondriasis
  5. Body dysmorphic disorder
54
Q

What are some somatoform-like disorders?

A
  1. Factitious disorder
  2. Malingering (making up and disorder)
  3. Dissociative Disorder
55
Q

What are the classifications to Bipolar Disorder?

A

I: one or more manic
II: one or more depressive
*Manic
*Hypomanic
*Depressive

56
Q

What categorizes Major Depressive Episode

A
  1. Minimum of five of the described symptoms (must include one of the first two)
  2. Symptoms must be present during the same two week period
  3. Symptoms must represent a change from the patient’s normal state
57
Q

What describes a manic episode?

A
  1. Abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood for at least one week
  2. At least three of the described symptoms must be present during that time period
58
Q

What is the criteria for a mixed episode?

A
  1. Must last at least one week
  2. Meet criteria for both major depressive and manic episodes
59
Q

What are the characteristics of hypomanic?

A

Resembles manic but
1. Less impairing
2. Do not require hospitalization
3. Do not include delusions and/or hallucinations
4. Shorter minimum duration (4 days)

60
Q

What is the criteria for dysthymic disorder?

A
  1. Depressed mood and symptoms for most of the day
  2. Occur more days than not
  3. Lasts over years
  4. Freedom from symptoms lasts no more than 2 months at a time
61
Q

What is the criteria for cyclothymic disorder?

A
  1. Numerous occurrences/periods
  2. Hypomanic and depressive symptoms
  3. Lasts at least 2 years
  4. Freedom from symptoms lasts no longer than 2 months at a time
62
Q

What are the four experiences that anxiety covers?

A
  1. Mental apprehension
  2. Physical tension
  3. Physical symptoms
  4. Dissociative anxiety
63
Q

What are the different types of anxiety disorders?

A
  1. Panic disorder
  2. Agoraphobia
  3. Specific phobia
  4. Social phobia
  5. OCD
  6. Acute stress disorder
  7. PTSD
  8. Generalized anxiety disorder
64
Q

What are the different types of psychotic disorders?

A
  1. Schizophrenia
  2. Schizophreniform disorder
  3. Delusional disorder
  4. Brief psychotic disorder

Physical Assesment 2023 (20 decks)

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