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S1 PTA 110 intro PTA > Musculoskeletal PT > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal PT Flashcards

1
Q

Goals

A
  1. Maximize function
  2. Alleviate pain
  3. Decrease abnormal stress on joints
  4. Promote proper posture
  5. Promote tissue healing, ROM, flexibility, and strength
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2
Q

Measuring pain

A

Before/after treatment to determine effectiveness of treatment
- use same scale throughout episode of care for patient

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3
Q

Postural assessment

A

Evaluates the position maintained by the body when standing and sitting in relation to space and other body parts
- view patient from all angles

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4
Q

ROM

A

Measure the amount of motion available at certain joints

-measured in degrees with a goniómetro

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5
Q

AROM

A

Active range of motion

- performed entirely by patient

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6
Q

PROM

A

Passive range of motion

- patient doesn’t do anything

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7
Q

Manual muscle testing

A

Evaluates the relative strength of specific muscles

- identifies patterns of muslcle weakness (0-5)

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8
Q

Functional assessment

A

Variable - determines effect of a condition on functional life/work abilities (questionnaire)

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9
Q

Deep tendon reflexes

A

Assess neuromuscular integrity

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10
Q

Gait analysis

A

Visual assessment of gait

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11
Q

Therapeutic exercises

A

Exercises: - strengthening - stretching - balance/coordination - ROM
Improve function, strength, endurance, and flexibility

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12
Q

Modalities

A

Ice, heat, US, IFC

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13
Q

Manual therapy

A

Soft tissue work

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14
Q

Patient edu

A

Ongoing and age specific

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15
Q

Physiological changes

A
  • Increase circulation - decrease pain - decrease edema - decrease muscle spasm
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16
Q

Exercise parameters

A
  1. established by PT or PTA
  2. Should be appropriate for each patient and stage of injury recovery or disease process
  3. Frequency (sets, reps), duration, intensity, type
17
Q

PROM interventions

A
  1. Performed by PT/PTA or mechanical device
  2. Will not increase strength
  3. Appropriate when muscle weakness. Inability to move joint, post surgery, decrease pain, prevent joint contracture
18
Q

Joint mobilization

A
  1. Passive accessory joint mobilization are performed by PT/PTA
  2. Will not increase strength
  3. Appropriate to decrease joint stiffness and decrease pain
19
Q

AROM interventions

A
  1. Performed by PT
  2. Will increase strength but not ROM
  3. Appropriate to increase mm strength, promote soft tissue integrity, increase circulation, and prepare for functional activites
20
Q

AAROM interventions

A

Assisted AROM

  1. Performed by PT with PT/PTA help
  2. Will increase strength but not ROM
  3. Appropriate when less than full AROM, decreased quality of ROM, and all benefits of AROM
21
Q

Closed kinetic chain

A
  • Distal end of limb on ground or firm surface
  • More advance form of exercise
  • Movement at one joint causes movements at other joints
22
Q

Open kinetic chain

A
  • distal end of limb free to move in space (not fixed)

- typically uses individual mm groups and no weight bearing postures

23
Q

Isometric exercises

A
  • muscle contraction without joint movement
  • promotes increased circulation, decreased mm spasm
  • usually for patient with joint motion contraindicated
  • cautioned for patients with CV disease
24
Q

Isotonic exercies

A
  • Exercies with constant load but not constant speed

- load is moved through ROM

25
Q

Stretching exercises

A
  • increase extensibilty of soft tissue and improves ROM
  • static
  • ballistic
  • self-stretching
  • contract/relax
26
Q

Modalities

A

Whirlpool - infrared - electrical stimulation - heat - cold - traction - paraffin - ultrasound - biofeedback

27
Q

Patient edu

A
  • creates positive environment for patient from the beginning of pt
  • clear and simple communication
  • EVERY session
  • return demonstration to ensure comprehension
28
Q

Musculoskeletal examination

A
  • PMH and MOI
  • observation of pt (before and after exam)
  • exam of pt movement
  • special tests
  • reflexes
  • joint play movements - passive
  • palpation
  • evaluation of diagnostics
29
Q

Pain description

A
  1. Location of pain
  2. Radiating pain
  3. Intensity
  4. Duration
  5. Onset
  6. Frequency
  7. Progression
  8. Aggravating or relieving factors

S1 PTA 110 intro PTA (19 decks)

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