Chapter 1: PT history

Question 1

What is physical therapy?

Answer 1

Art and science of healing and restoration of function through the application of manual techniques, exercise, education, and modalities

Question 2

Role of PTA

Answer 2

• under direct supervision of PT - implement selected components of patient / client treatment - obtain data - make modifications in selected treatment either to progress the physical therapy as directed by PT or to ensure patient safety/comfort - must graduate from a CAPTE accredited PTA program

Question 3

CAPTE

Answer 3

Commission on accreditation in physical therapy education

Question 4

Eras of PT

Answer 4

Formative Years 1914-1920
Development Years 1920-1940
Fundamental Accomplishment Years 1940-1970
Mastery Years 1970-1996
Adaptation Years 1996-2005
Vision 2020

Question 5

Formative years (4)

Answer 5

1914-1920

1. 1916 outbreak of polio
2. 1917 entered WWI - disable needed hospitals and rehab centers (division of special hospitals and physical reconstruction)
3. Marguerite Sanderson: physiotherapist and recruiter of 20-40 single women’s (teachers + nurses) but retired when married
4. Mary McMillan: highly educated woman, director of shit/reconstruction aides. Her curriculum became national standard

Question 6

Development years (3)

Answer 6

1. McMillan published Massage and Theraputic Exercise and formed AMerican Women’s Physical Therapeutics Association in order to keep the profession alive after hospital being shut down
2. PT schools overseen by AMA - created standards of edu - regulated practice - provided central registry for physiotherapists
3. Depression shut down loads of hospitals and dreased jobs, but polio/infantile paralysis created demand for PTs

Question 7

Fundamental Accomplishment Years (5)

Answer 7

1940-1970

1. WWII increased demand for jobs/amount and length of programs
2. Name change to physical therapy
3. 50s change technical position to profession
4. Name change to APTA / PT motion
5. 1967 PTAs become official

Question 8

Mastery Years (3)

Answer 8

1970-1996

1. 1969 first PTA school graduates
2. 70s OSHA established / IDEA passed
3. 1981 direct access passed

Question 9

Adaption Years (3)

Answer 9

1996-2995

1. Change from bachelor’s to masters
2. Balanced Budget Cap 97 - therapy pay cap by insurances
3. 2003 no physican’s referral required

Question 10

Vision 2020 (6)

Answer 10

1. DPT
2. Direct access
3. PTAs provide directed / supervised interventions
4. Life-long learning
5. Culturally sensitive care
6. Render evidence-based services

Question 11

“Do no harm”

Answer 11

Hippocrates - father of medicine (and PT)

Question 12

Direct access

Answer 12

The ability of the public to directly access a PT’s services without a physician’s referral

Question 13

Unrestricted direct access

Answer 13

• disciplinary action when failure to refer a patient to another qualified professional when the patient’s condition is beyond PT training
• prohibits diagnosis of disease