Musculoskeletal #2 Flashcards
Name for bow legs?
Genu VARUM
Name for knocked knees?
Genu VALGUM
What does ankylosis mean?
Boy fixation
What is the apply’s scratch test and what does it suggest (x2)?
- Getting scapula from above and below
2. Rotator cuff disorder or adhesive capsulitis
What is Neer’s impingement sign and what does it suggest?
- Press down on scapula and raise patient’s arm
2. Posibble rotator cuff tear or inflammation
What is Hawkin’s impingement sign and what does it suggest?
- Flex patient’s elbow and abduct shoulder
2. Suggests rotator cuff tear
What is a Colle’s fracture and what is the assessment?
Tenderness over distal radius from fall/fracture
Tenderness over snuff box suggests fracture of which bone?
Scaphoid fracture
What is spondylolisthesis?
Step off of vertebrae
What is halgus valgus?
Deviation of the great toe and enlargement of the head of the first metatarsal
Most common affected bursa for bursitis?
Subdeltoid, olecranon, ischial, trochanter, and prepatellar
What is first line treatment for perpatellar bursitis?
Aspiration of joint
What is medial epicondylitis associated with?
Golfer’s elbow
What is lateral epicondylitis associated with?
Tennis elbow
What motion is affected with lateral epicondylitis?
Wrist extension
What motion is affected with medial epicondylitis?
Wrist flexion
Pseudogout is caused by what kind of crystals?
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
Risk factors for gout?
Obesity, diabetes, and family history, thiazide diuretics, niacin, aspirin, cyclosporine, alcohol
How often does septic arthritis occur compared to gout?
100 times more common
When is appropriate intraarticular injection of steroids for gout appropriate?
When NSAIDs and steroids should not be used
What is pseudo gout associated with?
Hypothyroidism and hyperparathyroidism
When is stiffness usually apparent in arthritis?
At the end of the day
What is the associated risk with chondroitin and glucosamine?
Glucosamine= bronchospasm Chondroitin= bleeding- antiplatelet
What type of injections does the American Academy for Orthopedic Surgery recommend for arthritis?
Don’t recommend any
When should DMARDs be started for RA?
As soon as possible
What role to NSAIDs play in RA?
Major role to control pain and inflammation
What test is important for minuscule tear?
McMurray Test
Will miscal tears show up on XR?
No, because they do not contain calcium
When should there be surgical intervention for miniscal tear?
From 4-6 weeks if there is is no improvement.
What other diseases beside hypothyroidism and pregnancy can carpel tunnel syndrome be associated with?
Systemic disease such as RA and sarcoidosis
What is sarcoidosis?
Inflammatory disease that causes noncaseating granulomas in various sites including lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, and skin
What electrolyte is likely to be off with patients with sarcoidosis?
Hypercalcemia and hypercalceuria
Straight leg tests evaluates what nerve roots?
L5 and S1
What is the most common site for a clerical disk lesion?
C6-C7
What findings are associated with reiter’s syndrome?
Assymetrical oligoarthritis (lower extremity), sausage shaped finger, toe or heal pain, cervicitis, prostatitis, or acute diarrhea within one month of onset, conjunctivitis and genetial ulceration or urethritis
What is a still murmur?
- Associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- low, vibratory hum
What size does the aortic valve before it becomes symptomatic in aortic stenosis?
.8cm squared
How is osteoporosis defined with scores?
Density less than 2.5 deviations
Recommended Calcium intake for men and women?
1000 mg/d for men
1200 mg/d for women
What is the IV medication to treat osteoporosis?
Zoledronic acid
What is calcitonin use associated with?
increased risk for malignancy
What’s the recommended dose for vitamin D
400 iu/day
What is the cause of tendonitis?
A microscopic tear
What lab do you test for vitamin D?
25-hydroxyvitamin D
Normal range for Vitamin D, and what level do you want it to be above?
Normal=20-100
Should be= 40-45
