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A&P FT300 > Muscular Tissue Self-Quiz > Flashcards

Muscular Tissue Self-Quiz Flashcards

0
Q

Wasting of muscle is …

A

Muscular atrophy

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1
Q

Somatic motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates is a …

A

Motor unit

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2
Q

The replacement of skeletal muscle fibers with scar tissue is …

A

Fibrosis

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3
Q

The synaptic end bulbs of somatic motor neurons contain synaptic vesicles filled with …

A

Acetylcholine

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4
Q

Ability of muscle cells to respond to stimuli by producing electrical impulses:

A

Excitability

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5
Q

Sequence of events resulting in muscle contraction:

A

Nerve impulse,
release of acetylcholine,
muscle action potential,
release of calcium ions from sarcoplasmic reticulum,
calcium ion binding to troponin,
power stroke with actin and myosin binding and release

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6
Q

The brief delay between stimulus and contraction of muscle is …

A

Latent period

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7
Q

Contractile motor protein that binds to actin

A

Myosin

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8
Q

Regulatory protein that blocks myosin from binding to actin while muscle is relaxed

A

Tropomyosin

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9
Q

Contractile protein containing myosin binding sites

A

Actin

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10
Q

Regulatory protein that hold tropomyosin in place

A

Troponin

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11
Q

Protein within sacroplasmic reticulum that binds with calcium

A

Calsequestrin

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12
Q

Structural protein that connects Z-disc to M-line; highly elastic and extensible

A

Titin

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13
Q

Structural protein that forms the M-line by binding to titin and holding myosin ends together

A

Myomesin

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14
Q

Structural protein that forms the Z-disc, binding to ends of titin and ends of actin

A

Alpha-actinin

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15
Q

Structural protein wrapped around thin filament anchoring them to Z-disc

A

Nebulin

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16
Q

Structural protein that links sarcomeres to membrane proteins in the sarcolemma

A

Dystrophin

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17
Q

A band

A

Part of sarcomere that extends the entire length of myosin thick filaments and does not change in length during contraction;
part of thin filaments are found here

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18
Q

I band

A

The part of sarcomere that does not include any myosin thick filaments, and shortens with muscle contraction

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19
Q

H zone

A

Center part of A band that contains only myosin thick filaments

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20
Q

M line

A

Midline of sarcomere where myosin ends meet one another

21
Q

Z disc

A

Found between sarcomeres

22
Q

Decreased tension in the sarcomere occurs when …

A

over stretched or too short

Myosin heads cannot contact actin

23
Q

Maximal tension occurs when what is optimized?

A

Zone of overlap,

where the myosin and actin filaments maximize their contact

24
Q

Four sources of ATP for muscle contraction

A

Creatine phosphate,
glycolysis,
anaerobic cellular respiration,
aerobic cellular respiration

25
Q

Is ATP required to bind myosin to actin

OR to release myosin from actin?

A

Both!
ATP hydrolysis is required to reorient myosin heads so they can bind to actin,
and ATP binds to the myosin head to detach is from the actin.
The contraction cycle continues as long as ATP and sufficient calcium ions are available

26
Q

Epimysium

A

Outermost connective tissue that surrounds entire muscle

27
Q

Perimysium

A

Dense irregular connective tissue separating groups (fascicles) of muscle fibers within a muscle

28
Q

Endomysium

A

Areolar connective tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers

29
Q

Sarcomere

A

Contracting unit of skeletal muscle fiber

30
Q

Synapse between motor neuron and muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular junction

31
Q

Red-coloured oxygen-binding protein found only in muscle fibers

A

Myoglobulin

Releases oxygen when needed by mitochondria for ATP production

32
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Stores calcium ions within muscle cells

33
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Plasma membrane of muscle fiber

34
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of muscle fiber

35
Q

Has intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscle

36
Q

Striated muscle

A

Skeletal and cardiac

37
Q

Contraction begin slowly and lasts for long periods

A

Smooth muscle

38
Q

Extended contraction due to prolonged calcium delivery from sarcoplasmic reticulum and interstitial fluid

A

Cardiac muscle

39
Q

Autorhythmicity only exhibited in what type of muscle?

A

Cardiac and visceral smooth

40
Q

Which muscle type has greatest capacity for regeneration?

A

Smooth muscle, via pericytes, stem cells found near capillaries and small veins

41
Q

Regulatory proteins for cardiac muscle tissue

A

Troponin and tropomyosin, same as for skeletal muscle

42
Q

Calmodulin

A

Regulator protein for smooth muscle tissue

43
Q

Sustained contraction of muscle

A

Fused (complete) tetanus

44
Q

Larger contractions resulting from stimuli arriving at different times

A

Wave-summation

45
Q

Concentric, isometric, eccentric

A

Shortening,
same length,
lengthening muscle during contraction

46
Q

Sustained, but wavering contraction with partial relaxation between stimuli

A

Unfused (incomplete) tetanus

47
Q

Continual involuntary activation of skeletal muscle gives …

A

Muscle tone

48
Q

Recovery oxygen uptake

A

Amount of oxygen needed to restore the body’s metabolic conditions back to resting levels after exercise

49
Q

Stress-relaxation response

A

Smooth muscle action maintaining contractile function even while stretched

A&P FT300 (13 decks)

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