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Anaphy_Lec > MUSCULAR SYSTEM > Flashcards

MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

11 functions of muscular system

A

mobility
stability
posture
circulation
respiration
digestion
urination
childbirth
vision
organ protection
temperature regulation

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2
Q

has large amount of movement

A

gross movement

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3
Q

has small amount of movement

A

fine movement

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4
Q

talking, writing, facial expressions are what kind of movement

A

fine movement

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5
Q

walking, jogging, swimming are what kind of movements

A

gross movement

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6
Q

main function is to allow
movement.

A

mobility

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7
Q

Muscle tendons stretched over joints and contributes to muscular ________

A

Stability

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8
Q

Breathing involves the use of ________ muscle.

A

diaphragm

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9
Q

diaphragm contracts it pushes
________ causing the chest cavity to ________

A

downward; expand
bigger.

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10
Q

The GI tract stretches from the mouth going to
the anus wherein the food moves through the
digestive system in a motion known as __________

A

peristalsis

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11
Q

The urinary system combines both __________ and _________ including the bladder,
kidneys, penis and vagina.

A

smooth
muscles and skeletal muscles

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12
Q

Smooth muscles in the uterus _______ and _______ during childbirth.

A

expand and
contract

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13
Q

There are __________ muscles around the eye.

A

There are 6 skeletal muscles around the eye.

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14
Q

_____% of the heat a person generates in
their body comes from the contracting muscles.

A

85%

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15
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
skeletal muscle

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16
Q

muscles that consist of the walls of the viscera, the
blood vessels and the skin.

A

Smooth Muscles

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17
Q

3 characteristics of smooth muscles

A

involuntary
autonomic
not striated

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18
Q

muscles that forms the walls of the heart.

A

Cardiac Muscle

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19
Q

3 characteristics of cardiac muscle

A

involuntary
autonomic
striated

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20
Q

muscles that usually attached to the bones

A

Skeletal Muscle

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21
Q

3 characteristics of skeletal muscle

A

voluntary
somatic
striated

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22
Q

3 connective tissue coverings

A

fascia
aponeuroses
tendons

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23
Q

layers of dense connective tissue that
separates skeletal muscles from adjacent muscles and hold them into the position.

A

fascia

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24
Q

sheet of pearly white fibrous tissue
that takes the place of the tendon in flat muscles.

A

aponeuroses

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25
Q

chord-like structures which are extensions
of connective tissue surrounding each muscle that
connects or attaches it to the bone.

A

tendons

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26
Q

3 muscle coverings

A

epimysium
perimysium
endomysium

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27
Q

this is the muscle covering or the connective tissue
covering that surrounds the whole muscle.

A

Epimysium

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28
Q

the muscle covering that surrounds or encompasses the fascicle.

A

perimysium

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29
Q

inside the fascicle has a smaller unit
known as muscle fibers. The muscle covering that surrounds or encompasses the muscle fibers

A

endomysium

30
Q

is the muscle cell membrane.

A

Sarcolemma

31
Q

serves as the cytoplasm of the muscle
cell.

A

Sarcoplasm

32
Q

parallel thread-like structures that are found at
the sarcoplasm.

A

Myofibril

33
Q

Myofibril contains two proteins:

A

Actin filament
Myosin filament

34
Q

thin filament

A

Actin filament

35
Q

thick filament

A

Myosin filament

36
Q

the functional unit of a cell or the contractile
unit of the cell.

A

Sarcomere

37
Q

these are networks of
membranous channels that surround each myofibril.

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

38
Q

these are membranous channels that
extend into the sarcoplasm as invagination containing extracellular fluid.

A

Triad (T tubules)

39
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum contains-

A

triad; 1 transverse tubules and 2 cisternae or two
enlarged portions of the SR.

40
Q

these are light bands that are composed of thin
actin filaments. It is closer to the Z line (border).

A

I band

41
Q

these dark bands that are composed of thick filaments in combination with thin filaments.

A

A band

42
Q

the center of the A band where only thick
filaments are present.

A

H zone

43
Q

a disk made up of protein alpha actin that
anchors the thin actin filaments. Acts as a boundary
between the sarcomere.

A

Z line

44
Q

the functional unit of the striated muscle.

A

Sarcomere

45
Q

Composed of myosin proteins
Form the cross-bridges

A

Thick myofilaments

46
Q

Composed of actin proteins
Associated with troponin and tropomyosin
proteins.

A

Thin myofilaments

47
Q

Contraction results from a movement within the __________ in which the actin and myosin filaments slide past one another, shortening the _________.

A

myofibrils; sarcomere

48
Q

Also known as myoneural junction

A

neuromuscular junction

49
Q

Site where an axon and muscle fiber meet

A

neuromuscular junction

50
Q

parts of neuromuscular junction

A

Motor neuron
Motor end plate
Synaptic cleft
Synaptic vesicles
Neurotransmitters

51
Q

toxin that binds to each vesicle
resulting in paralyzation of the entire vesicles.

A

botulinum toxin aka botox

52
Q

It moves the vesicle towards the periphery of the axon terminal. It binds with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor preventing the sodium to enter the muscle fiber or motor neurons.
-no muscle contraction
-snake venom and curare.

A

Bungarotoxin

53
Q

local anesthesia. The vesicles can move towards the periphery of the axon terminal and are capable of releasing the acetylcholine.

A

Procaine, lidocaine, benzocaine

54
Q

Procaine and lidocaine once the sodium gated
channel opens, it blocks the NAR causing ________

A

flaccid paralysis.

55
Q

toxin that prevent the acetylcholinesterase to bind with acetylcholine causing the gates to be open all the time.

A

Some pesticides

56
Q

some pesticides causes the sodium gated channel to always open causing constant contraction leading to __________

A

spastic paralysis.

57
Q

immovable end

A

origin

58
Q

movable end

A

Insertion

59
Q

prime mover/doing the movement

A

agonist

60
Q

reverses a movement

A

antagonist

61
Q

aids the prime mover/unnecessary
movements

A

synergist

62
Q

specialized synergist

A

fixator

63
Q

these can’t really hide your true and inner
feelings by involuntary movement of the facial muscles.

A

microexpressions

64
Q

facial muscle of surprised expression

A

epicranius

65
Q

facial muscle of extreme frowning

A

platysma

66
Q

facial muscle of closing the eyes

A

orbicularis oculi

67
Q

facial muscle of kissing muscle

A

orbicularis oris

68
Q

facial muscle of smiling

A

zygomaticus major

69
Q

facial muscle of sad

A

zygomaticus minor

70
Q

facial muscle of sneering

A

levator labii superioris

71
Q

facial muscle of blowing and sucking

A

buccinator

72
Q

facial muscle of insincere smile

A

risorius

Anaphy_Lec (11 decks)

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