CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards
circulation of the blood from the heart to
the lungs
Pulmonary Circuit
circulation of the blood from the heart
towards the entire body except for the lungs.
Systemic Circuit
_______ is a hollow, cone-shaped, muscular pump
heart
heart chambers that functions as blood storage
Two atria
heart chambers that functions as a low pressure pump and a high pressure pump
Two ventricles
the tough outermost layer of your pericardium. It is made up of connective tissue that prevents your heart from extending too much. It attaches to the great blood vessel on the top of your heart and at the central tendon of the diaphragm at the bottom portion of the heart.
Fibrous pericardium
Layer of serosa that lines the fibrous pericardium
Visceral (Pericardial) pericardium
the outer layer of the pericardium which is conical in structure and surrounds the heart and the roots of the great blood vessel.
Parietal pericardium
3 walls of the heart
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
also called visceral pericardium. The outermost layer of the wall of the heart. It forms a protective outer covering and it secretes a serous fluid.
Epicardium
the middle layer of the walls of the heart. It is primarily composed of muscles. It is the one responsible in contracting
Myocardium
It is responsible in receiving blood from inferior and
superior vena cava and coronary sinus.
RIGHT ATRIUM
blood from the upper body and the head enters ________
Superior Vena Cava
blood from the lower body enters the ______
Inferior Vena Cava
It is responsible in receiving blood from the pulmonary veins
LEFT ATRIUM
Pulmonary Artery contains
unoxygenated blood
Pulmonary Vein contains
oxygenated blood
It is responsible for receiving blood from the right atrium.
RIGHT VENTRICLE
It is responsible for receiving blood from the left atrium.
LEFT VENTRICLE
2 types of heart valves
semilunar valves
atrioventricular valves
Pulmonary and Aortic Valves are?
Semilunar Valves
located at the entrance of the pulmonary trunk. It prevents blood from moving from the pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation.
Pulmonary Valves
It is located at the entrance to the aorta. It prevents blood from moving from the aorta into the left ventricle during ventricular relaxation.
Aortic Valves
Tricuspid and Bicuspid Valves are?
Atrioventricular Valves
It is located at the right atrioventricular orifice. It prevents blood from moving from the right ventricle into the right atrium during ventricular contraction.
Tricuspid Valve
It is located at the left atrioventricular orifice. It prevents blood from moving from the left ventricle into the left atrium during ventricular contraction.
Bicuspid Valve (mitral)
pathway of blood through the heart
1) Blood from systemic circuit
2) Blood will now enter Superior and Inferior Vena Cava,
and Coronary Sinus
3) Blood enters Right Atrium and tricuspid valve will shut
4) Blood enters Right Ventricle and pulmonary valve,
pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries which contains
deoxygenated blood
5) Blood enters Pulmonary arteries and will supply blood in
the heart
6) Blood goes to Alveolar capillaries of lungs, where
oxygenation happens
7) Blood will now pass through pulmonary veins containing
oxygenated blood
8) Blood will enter Left Atrium then bicuspid (mitral) valve
will shut
9) Blood will enter Left Ventricle then aortic valve will shut
and then goes to aortic valve and then to aorta
10) Blood will now go to systemic circuit
The heart chambers function in coordinated ___________
fashion (function?)
Atria contracts during _______
atrial systole
Ventricle relax during _______
ventricular diastole
Atrial relaxation occurs in ________
atrial diastole
Ventricular contraction occurs in ________
ventricular systole
A heart beat through a stethoscope sounds like ________
“lubb-dupp”
The first heart sound
“Lubb”
The second heart sound
“Dupp”
sound that occurs during ventricular systole where AV
valves closes
“Lubb”
sound that occurs during ventricular diastole where
pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closes
“Dupp”
abnormal heart sound from the cusps not completely closing
murmur
