Muscular System

Question 1

Muscle tissue consists of ______ cells (myocytes) called muscle fibres

Answer 1

elongated

Question 2

Cells use ____ to generate force and produce ________ when stimulated by nerve impulses.

Answer 2

ATP, movement

Question 3

Name the three types of muscle tissue

Answer 3

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 4

What are muscles classified by

Answer 4

Appearance, type of nervous control, location

Question 5

Describe cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 5

Found in the heart wall
Pumps blood into the arteries
Contraction is under subconscious control

Question 6

Describe smooth muscle tissue

Answer 6

Involuntary muscle, found in the walls of hollow organs (bladder, uterus, airways), moves substances

Question 7

Describe Skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 7

voluntary muscle, Fibres have a striated/striped appearance, found attached to bones

Question 8

What are the functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 8

body movement, protection of organs, generating heat, walking (locomotion)

Question 9

Flexion

Answer 9

Decrease in the angle between articulating bones

Question 10

Extension

Answer 10

Increase in the angle between articulating bones

Question 11

Hyperextension

Answer 11

Continuation of extension beyond the return to anatomical position

Question 12

Abduction

Answer 12

Movement of a bone away from the midline

Question 13

Adduction

Answer 13

Movement of a bone toward the midline

Question 14

Circumduction

Answer 14

Movement of a body part in a circle, Hip/shoulder

Question 15

Rotation

Answer 15

A bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis, rotation of head

Question 16

Dorsiflexion

Answer 16

Bending of the foot at the ankle in an upward direction

e.g. raising toes to your shin

Question 17

Plantar flexion

Answer 17

Bending of the foot at the ankle in a downward direction e.g. pointing your toes

Question 18

Supination

Answer 18

Movement of the forearm so that the palm is turned upward e.g. screwing in a light bulb

Question 19

Pronation

Answer 19

Movement of the forearm so that the palm is turned downward e.g. screwing in a light bulb

Question 20

what is the Agonist

Answer 20

The muscle that causes the action is the prime mover or agonist

Question 21

What is the Antagonist

Answer 21

the muscle that acts in the opposite direction to that of the agonist