Endocrine System

Question 1

What are the functions of the endocrine system

Answer 1

• acts via release of hormones (chemical signals)
• chemical signals travel via the bloodstream
• produces slower responses, effects last longer, broader influence

Question 2

Name two types of glands in the endocrine system

Answer 2

Exocrine, Endocrine

Question 3

What are Exocrine glands

Answer 3

secrete their products into ducts that carry the secretions into body cavities, hollow organs or onto the outer surface of the body

Question 4

What are Endocrine glands

Answer 4

secrete their products (hormones) into their surrounding tissue fluid (rather than into ducts) and from there the hormones diffuse into the bloodstream

Question 5

What are hormones

Answer 5

Hormones are mediator molecules that are released in one part of the body but regulate the activity of cells in other parts of the body

Question 6

What do hormones help regulate

Answer 6

• chemical composition and volume of interstitial fluid
• metabolism and energy balance
• contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle fibres
• glandular secretions
• some immune system activities

Question 7

What is the hormone in relation to the Pituitary gland

and its response?

Answer 7

Growth hormone, Enhances growth

Question 8

What is the hormone in relation to the Parathyroid gland and its response?

Answer 8

Parathyroid hormone, Elevates calcium levels in the blood

Question 9

What is the hormone’s in relation to the Thyroid gland and its response’s?

Answer 9

Calcitonin, Lowers calcium levels in the blood

Thyroxine, Increases metabolic rate

Question 10

What is the hormone’s in relation to the Adrenal gland and its response?’s

Answer 10

Thyroxine, Increases metabolic rate

Adrenaline, Increases heart rate

Question 11

What is the hormone in relation to the Ovaries and its response?

Answer 11

Oestrogen, Essential for egg maturation and development of female secondary sexual characteristics

Question 12

What is the hormone in relation to the testes and its response?

Answer 12

Testosterone , Essential for sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Question 13

The endocrine system acts via?

Answer 13

Hormones

Question 14

The Nervous system acts via ?

Answer 14

Nerve impulses

Question 15

Signals in the nervous system travel via

Answer 15

Nerves

Question 16

Signals in the endocrine system via

Answer 16

The bloodstream

Question 17

The nervous system produces

Answer 17

fast, short responses

Question 18

The endocrine system produces

Answer 18

slower, longer lasting responses

Question 19

Most hormonal regulatory systems work via _______ ________

Answer 19

Negative Feedback

Question 20

Give an example of negative feedback in the endocrine system

Answer 20

An increase in glucose levels in blood → pancreas releases insulin to help bring glucose levels back to normal range.
(endocrine sensitive to chemicals in the blood)

Question 21

Give an example of positive feedback in the endocrine system

Answer 21

Positive feedback occurs when the response to a change in a controlled condition strengthens or enhances the change
For example: during childbirth, the hormone oxytocin stimulates contractions of the uterus, and uterine contractions in turn stimulate more oxytocin release, a positive feedback effect.