muscoloskeletal

Question 1

Assess for risk of falling
backward in by performing the

Answer 1

“nudge” test.

Question 2

Falling backward in “nudge” test easily seen in

Answer 2

Parkinson’s and
Cervical spondylosis

Question 3

in TMJ Abnormal Findings:
* Decreased ROM, swelling and tenderness or crepitus –
maybe seen in

Answer 3

Arthritis

Question 3

Test range of motion: Ask the client to open the mouth
and move the jaw laterally against resistance. Next, as the
client clenches the teeth, feel for the contraction of the
temporal and masseter muscles to test the integrity of

Answer 3

cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve).

Question 4

in testing ROM in tmj, Pain or spasm occur with

Answer 4

myofascial pain syndrome

Question 5

flexion of cervical spine is _ degrees; extension of the
spine is _ degrees

Answer 5

45, 45

Question 5

• Exaggerated lumbar curve

Answer 5

Lordosis

Question 5

Inspection in sternoclavicular joint, Swollen, red, enlarged joint/ tender, painful joint –

Answer 5

inflammation

Question 5

Neck pain with loss of sensation in the legs – result from

Answer 5

cervical cord compression

Question 5

Normal Findings in spine
* cervical and lumbar spines are _____, thoracic spine is
_____; spine is ___ from behind

Answer 5

concave

convex

straight

Question 6

• Flattened
  lumbar curvature

Answer 6

Herniated disc or Ankylosing Spondylitis

Question 6

• Lateral curvature of the thoracic spine with
  increase in convexity on the sides

Answer 6

Scoliosis

Question 6

• may also be observe in pregnant women and
  obesity

Answer 6

Lordosis

Question 7

Unequal height of the hips

Answer 7

• suggest unequal leg length

Question 7

– most common cause of neck pain;
characterized by impaired ROM and neck pain from
abnormalities of the soft tissue

Answer 7

Cervical strain

Question 8

Unequal leg lengths are associated with

Answer 8

scoliosis

Question 8

Impaired ROM and neck pain associated
with fever, chills and headache – indicative of

Answer 8

Meningitis

Question 9

– for clients
with low back pain that radiates down the back

Answer 9

Straight leg test

Question 9

– to check
for herniated nucleus pulposus.

Answer 9

Straight leg test

Question 10

Pain that shoots and radiates down one or both legs

Answer 10

(sciatica)

Question 10

in Test for back and leg pain. Straight leg test, Pain that shoots and radiates down one
or both legs (sciatica) below the knees may be due to a

Answer 10

herniated intervertebral disc.

Question 11

Continuous, aching pain at night not relieved by rest may
be from

Answer 11

metastases.

Question 11

Inability to shrug shoulders against resistance – Lesion of
cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory)

Question 12

Lower back pain with tenderness and limited ROM is
common in

Answer 12

osteoporosis.

Question 13

Tenderness or pain in the epicondyles -

Answer 13

Epicondylitis

Question 13

(tennis elbow)

Answer 13

Epicondylitis

Question 14

(the hollow area on back of the wrist at the base of the fully extended wrist)

Answer 14

snuff box

Question 14

Perform the Squeeze test. Extreme pain – indicate ____ of the hand

Answer 14

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 14

– indicate scaphoid fracture and a result of falling on outstretched hand

Answer 14

Snuffbox tenderness

Question 15

– ask client to rest elbows on a table and to place back of the hands together while flexing the wrist in 90 degrees with fingers pointed downward and wrists dangling; have client hold it for 60 seconds

Answer 15

Perform Phalen’s test

Question 15

– Use your finger to percuss lightly the median nerve (located in the anterior aspect of the wrist) with the use of your finger

Answer 15

Perform Tinel’s test

Question 16

If symptoms develop within one minute with Phalen’s test – suspect

Answer 16

Carpal Tunnel

Question 16

Inability to extend the ring and little finger –

Answer 16

Dupuytren’s contracture

Question 17

Painful extension - _____ (infection of the flexor tendon sheathes

Answer 17

Tenosynovitis

Question 18

- a stretch or tear of muscle or tendon

Answer 18

Strains

Question 19

Knees turn in – knock knee

Answer 19

(Genu valgum)

Question 20

Knee turn out with bow legs –

Answer 20

(Genu varum)

Question 21

If swelling is noticed IN KNEES perform the:

Answer 21

Bulge Test:

Question 22

With the client in supine, use the ball of the hand firmly to stroke the medial side of the knee upward 3- 4x to displace any accumulated fluid. Then press on the lateral side of the knee and look for a bulge on the medial side of the knee

Answer 22

Bulge Test:

Question 22

toes point in

Answer 22

pes varus

Question 23

Test – help detect large amounts of fluid in the knee

Answer 23

Ballottement Test

Question 24

If the client complains of “giving in” or “locking” of the Knee perform

Answer 24

McMurray’s test.

Question 24

- Laterally deviated great toe with possible overlapping of the second toe and possible formation of an enlarged, painful, inflamed bursa (bunion) on the medial side

Answer 24

Hallux Valgus

Question 24

Pain or clicking in McMurray’s test.

Answer 24

– torn meniscus of the knee

Question 25

toes point out

Answer 25

pes valgum

Question 26

Nonpainful thickened skin that occurs at pressure points –

Answer 26

Calluses

Question 26

feet with no arches – “

Answer 26

Flat feet” – Pes Planus

Question 27

Painful thickening of the skin over bony prominence and at pressure points –

Answer 27

Corn

Question 27

Tender, painful, reddened, hot and swollen interphalangeal joint of the great toe –

Answer 27

Gouty arthritis

Question 27

Painful warts –____ that often occur over a plantar warts

Answer 27

Verruca Vulgaris

Question 27

– most common cause of heel pain – which occurs when the band of supportive tissue in the arch of the foot – becomes irritated and inflamed

Answer 27

* Plantar Fasciitis

Question 28

Tender, painful, swollen, stiff joints are seen in

Answer 28

acute rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 29

Chronic swelling and thickening of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, limited range of motion, and finger deviation toward the ulnar side are seen in

Answer 29

chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 30

Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint

Answer 30

(boutonnière deformity)

Question 31

hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint with flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint

Answer 31

(swan-neck deformity)

Question 32

o Nontender, round, enlarged, swollen, fluid-filled cyst

Answer 32

Ganglion

Question 33

Osteoarthritis o Hard, painless nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints

Answer 33

(Heberden’s nodes)

Question 34

Osteoarthritis o Hard, painless nodules over the the proximal interphalangeal joints

Answer 34

(Bouchard’s nodes)

Question 35

(infection of the flexor tendon sheathes)

Answer 35

* Tenosynovitis

Question 36

o Hyperextension at the metatarsophalangeal joint with flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint commonly occurs with the second toe.

Answer 36

(hammer toe)