abdomen Flashcards
The sequence of assessment is IAPP
o INSPECTION, AUSCULTATION, PERCUSSION,
PALPATION
purple discoloration in the flank (
sign) – indicates bleeding within the abdominal wall. (Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis)
Grey Turner
- seen in cirrhosis, obstruction of the
inferior vena cava, portal hypertension or ascites
Dilated veins
– dilated vein in the abdominal
wall; portal HPN, and ascitis
Caput Medusa
Dilated surface arterioles and
capillaries with central star may be seen with liver
disease or portal hypertension.
o Spider angioma
dark bluish-pink striae -
Cushing syndrome
bluish or purple discoloration around umbilicus–
due to intra-abdominal bleeding.
Cullen’s Sign – (Periumbilical Echymosis)
Presence of Rose spots
▪ Indication of
typhoid fever
6 F’s - major causes of abdominal distention
(Fat,
feces, fetus, fibroids, flatulence, and fluid)
– bulging between vertical midline
separation of the abdominis rectus muscle
Diastasis Recti
- protrusion of the bowel through the
abdominal wall
Hernia -
- hyperactive- loud, prolonged
gurgles - “ Growling” sound
BORBORYGMI
- palpate deeply
at 90 degrees into the abdomen halfway between the
umbilicus and the anterior iliac crest (McBurney point) then
suddenly release pressure listen and watch for reaction to
pain, ask the client which hurt more,
Rebound tenderness ( Blumberg’s sign)
- palpate LLQ deeply = if with pain the
RLQ during pressure at LLQ - the test is positive
Rovsing’s Sign
A large ovarian cyst or
fibroid tumor appears as
generalized distention in
the lower abdomen.
o The mass displaces
bowel, and, thus, the
percussion tone over the
distended area is
dullness with tympany at the periphery. The
umbilicus may be everted.
A large ovarian cyst or
fibroid tumor appears as
generalized distention in
the lower abdomen.
o The mass displaces
bowel, and, thus, the
percussion tone over the
distended area is
dullness with tympany at the periphery. The
umbilicus may be everted.
: Press fingertips under the liver border at the right
costal margin and ask client to inhale deeply
Murphy’s
test
The abdomen distended with gas may appear as
a generalized protuberance (as shown), or it may
appear more localized. Tympany is the percussion
tone over the area.
- Flatus
o Fluid in the abdomen
causes generalized
protuberance, bulging
flanks, and an everted
umbilicus. Percussion
reveals dullness over
fluid (bottom of
abdomen and flanks)
and tympany over
intestines (top of abdomen).
Ascitic Fluid
An enlarged liver ()
An enlarged liver hepatomegaly
