MUSCLES of THE UPPER LIMBS

Question 1

Flexion

Answer 1

decreasing the angle between two bones (bending).

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

increasing the angle between two bones (straightening a bend).

Question 3

Abduction

Answer 3

moving away from the body’s midline.

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

moving toward the body’s midline.

Question 5

Pronation

Answer 5

rotating the forearm so the palm is facing backward or down.

Question 6

Supination

Answer 6

rotating the forearm so the palm is facing forward or up.

Question 7

Elevation

Answer 7

moving a body part up.

Question 8

Depression

Answer 8

moving a body part down.

Question 9

Protraction

Answer 9

moving a bone forward without changing the angle.

Question 10

Retraction

Answer 10

moving a bone backward without changing the angle.

Question 11

Inversion

Answer 11

turning the sole of the foot inward.

Question 12

Eversion

Answer 12

turning the sole of the foot outward.

Question 13

if a muscle spans a joint

Answer 13

it can act as a mover of that joint.

Question 14

The Muscular Anatomy of the Upper Limb: the Compartments

Answer 14

Pectoral girdle muscles
Intrinsic shoulder muscles
Anterior arm muscles - flexors
Posterior arm muscles - extensors
Anterior forearm muscles - flexors
Posterior forearm muscles - extensors
Intrinsic hand muscles

Question 15

The shoulder region is served by two muscle groups:

Answer 15

The pectoral girdle muscles (anterior and posterior axio-appendicular muscles)

The intrinsic shoulder muscles (scapulohumeral muscles)

Question 16

pectroal girdle muscles

Answer 16

muscle of chest and back

Muscles acting on the scapula and shoulder joint have attachments in the neck, anterior chest, back and arm.

Question 17

scapulohumeral muscles

Answer 17

acting between the scapula and the humerus to move the arm of the shoulder joint

Question 18

where do teh Pectoral/Shoulder Girdle

act

Answer 18

directly act on the scapul a

Question 19

muscles that act directly on the arm

Answer 19

Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi

Question 20

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles

Answer 20

Deltoid
Teres Major
The Rotator Cuff Muscles
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis (on the deep surface of the scapula so not visible)

Question 21

where do they act

Answer 21

Act to move the humerus at the shoulder joint

Question 22

extra function

Answer 22

Very important in stabilising the shoulder joint by holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

Question 23

deltoid muscle attacthment

Answer 23

lateral posterior attachment to the scapula

anterior attachmnet to the clavice

Question 24

what do the deltoid and the teres major muscles move

Answer 24

the arm

Question 25

Anterior Muscles of the Arm

Answer 25

Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Brachialis

Question 26

where does the coracobranchialis act

Answer 26

across the shoulder joint

Question 27

Brachialis | acts

Answer 27

elbow joint

Question 28

Biceps brachii

Answer 28

acts across both joints

Question 29

what do these muscle compartments allow s

Answer 29

flex of shoulder joint and elbow

Question 30

which muscles contribute to the shoulder joint stabilitu

Answer 30

Biceps brachii

Question 31

where does the bicep tendon attach at the distal end

Answer 31

radial tuberosity

Question 32

what are the 2 muscles in the posterior arm

Answer 32

Triceps, Anconeus;

Question 33

what nerve

Answer 33

radial nerve

Question 34

where are the heads of teh tricep brachii attached

Answer 34

2 heads attached to the posterior shaft of the humerus

Question 35

and the 3rd

Answer 35

long head attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 36

Anconeus func

Answer 36

stabilises

Question 37

where are flexor muscles and the func

Answer 37

Flexes at a joint | Anterior in the forearm

Question 38

and the extensors

Answer 38

Extends at a joint | Posterior in the forearm

Question 39

Carpi meaning

Answer 39

Acts across the wrist

Question 40

Ulnaris m

Answer 40

Acts on the ulnar (medial) aspect of the wrist

Question 41

Radialis

Answer 41

Acts on the radial (lateral) aspect of the wrist

Question 42

Digitorum

Answer 42

Acts on a group of digits (all but the thumb)

Question 43

Pollicis

Answer 43

Pollicis

Question 44

Digiti minimi

Answer 44

Acts only on the little finger

Question 45

Indicis

Answer 45

Acts only on the index finger

Question 46

Longus/Brevis

Answer 46

Descriptors for long or short (brevis)

Question 47

Superficialis/Profundus

Answer 47

Descriptors of superficial and deep

Question 48

is there are longus there are

Answer 48

brevis

Question 49

if superficialis

Answer 49

there is profundus

Question 50

exceptiosn to these rules

Answer 50

pronation and supination

Question 51

what is the Thenar eminence-

Answer 51

prominence between the base of the thumb and the wrist containing small muscles acting on the thumb.

Question 52

Hypothenar eminence-

Answer 52

prominence between the base of the little finger and the wrist containing small muscles acting on the little finger.

Question 53

numbers of fingers

Answer 53

1 is thumb and 5 is pinkie