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anatomy > MUSCLES of THE UPPER LIMBS > Flashcards

MUSCLES of THE UPPER LIMBS Flashcards

1
Q

Flexion

A

decreasing the angle between two bones (bending).

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2
Q

Extension

A

increasing the angle between two bones (straightening a bend).

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3
Q

Abduction

A

moving away from the body’s midline.

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4
Q

Adduction

A

moving toward the body’s midline.

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5
Q

Pronation

A

rotating the forearm so the palm is facing backward or down.

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6
Q

Supination

A

rotating the forearm so the palm is facing forward or up.

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7
Q

Elevation

A

moving a body part up.

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8
Q

Depression

A

moving a body part down.

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9
Q

Protraction

A

moving a bone forward without changing the angle.

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10
Q

Retraction

A

moving a bone backward without changing the angle.

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11
Q

Inversion

A

turning the sole of the foot inward.

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12
Q

Eversion

A

turning the sole of the foot outward.

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13
Q

if a muscle spans a joint

A

it can act as a mover of that joint.

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14
Q

The Muscular Anatomy of the Upper Limb: the Compartments

A 
Pectoral girdle muscles
Intrinsic shoulder muscles
Anterior arm muscles - flexors
Posterior arm muscles - extensors
Anterior forearm muscles - flexors
Posterior forearm muscles - extensors
Intrinsic hand muscles
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15
Q

The shoulder region is served by two muscle groups:

A

The pectoral girdle muscles (anterior and posterior axio-appendicular muscles)

The intrinsic shoulder muscles (scapulohumeral muscles)

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16
Q

pectroal girdle muscles

A

muscle of chest and back

Muscles acting on the scapula and shoulder joint have attachments in the neck, anterior chest, back and arm.

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17
Q

scapulohumeral muscles

A

acting between the scapula and the humerus to move the arm of the shoulder joint

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18
Q

where do teh Pectoral/Shoulder Girdle

act

A

directly act on the scapul a

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19
Q

muscles that act directly on the arm

A

Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi

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20
Q

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles

A 
Deltoid
Teres Major
The Rotator Cuff Muscles
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis (on the deep surface of the scapula so not visible)
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21
Q

where do they act

A

Act to move the humerus at the shoulder joint

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22
Q

extra function

A

Very important in stabilising the shoulder joint by holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

23
Q

deltoid muscle attacthment

A

lateral posterior attachment to the scapula

anterior attachmnet to the clavice

24
Q

what do the deltoid and the teres major muscles move

A

the arm

25
Q

Anterior Muscles of the Arm

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

26
Q

where does the coracobranchialis act

A

across the shoulder joint

27
Q

Brachialis

acts

A

elbow joint

28
Q

Biceps brachii

A

acts across both joints

29
Q

what do these muscle compartments allow s

A

flex of shoulder joint and elbow

30
Q

which muscles contribute to the shoulder joint stabilitu

A

Biceps brachii

31
Q

where does the bicep tendon attach at the distal end

A

radial tuberosity

32
Q

what are the 2 muscles in the posterior arm

A

Triceps, Anconeus;

33
Q

what nerve

A

radial nerve

34
Q

where are the heads of teh tricep brachii attached

A

2 heads attached to the posterior shaft of the humerus

35
Q

and the 3rd

A

long head attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

36
Q

Anconeus func

A

stabilises

37
Q

where are flexor muscles and the func

A

Flexes at a joint

Anterior in the forearm

38
Q

and the extensors

A

Extends at a joint

Posterior in the forearm

39
Q

Carpi meaning

A

Acts across the wrist

40
Q

Ulnaris m

A

Acts on the ulnar (medial) aspect of the wrist

41
Q

Radialis

A

Acts on the radial (lateral) aspect of the wrist

42
Q

Digitorum

A

Acts on a group of digits (all but the thumb)

43
Q

Pollicis

A

Pollicis

44
Q

Digiti minimi

A

Acts only on the little finger

45
Q

Indicis

A

Acts only on the index finger

46
Q

Longus/Brevis

A

Descriptors for long or short (brevis)

47
Q

Superficialis/Profundus

A

Descriptors of superficial and deep

48
Q

is there are longus there are

A

brevis

49
Q

if superficialis

A

there is profundus

50
Q

exceptiosn to these rules

A

pronation and supination

51
Q

what is the Thenar eminence-

A

prominence between the base of the thumb and the wrist containing small muscles acting on the thumb.

52
Q

Hypothenar eminence-

A

prominence between the base of the little finger and the wrist containing small muscles acting on the little finger.

53
Q

numbers of fingers

A

1 is thumb and 5 is pinkie

anatomy (12 decks)

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