muscles joints and ligaments of spine and thorax Flashcards
intercostals – general description
- attach adjacent ribs
- fibers of external + internal intercostals run perpendicular to each other (and can be visualized as extensions of the external + internal oblique myo)
intercostals – origin
inferior border of the rib above
intercostals – insertion
superior border of the rib below
intercostals – nerve
thoracic nerve
external intercostals – action
- assist w/ INhalation
- draw ribs superiorly to increase space of thoracic cavity
internal intercostals – action
- assist w/ EXhalation
- draw ribs inferiorly to decrease space of thoracic cavity
serratus posterior superior + inferior – general description
these 2 myo only affect movement of the ribs, thereby assisting with breathing
serratus posterior superior – origin
spinous processes of C-7 to T-3
serratus posterior superior – insertion
ribs 2 thru 5
serratus posterior superior – action
elevate ribs during INhalation
“superior” = at top, pulling ribs up
serratus posterior inferior – origin
spinous processes of T-12 to L-3
serratus posterior inferior – insertion
ribs 9 thru 12
serratus posterior inferior – action
depress ribs during EXhalation
“inferior” = at bottom, pulling ribs down
intertransversarii – general description
these small, short myo span b/w the TVP’s of cervical + lumbar vertebrae (but NOT in thoracic area, which is less mobile)
intertransversarii – origin + insertion
origin + insertion are the same!
- spanning TVP’s of C-2 thru C-7 (all cervical vert except C-1)
- spanning TVP’s of L-1 to L-5 (all lumbar vert)
intertransversarii – action
- laterally flex vert. column to same side (unilaterally)
- extend the vert. column (bilaterally)
intertransversarii – nerve
spinal nerve
interspinalis – general description
small, short myo span b/w spinous processes of cervical + lumbar vertebrae, plus a few thoracic vertebrae
interspinalis – origin + insertion
origin + insertion are the same!
- spanning spinous processes of C-2 thru T-3 (does not include C-1)
- spanning spinous processes of T-12 to L-5 (all lumbar vert, plus T-12)
interspinalis – action
extends the vertebral column
interspinalis – nerve
spinal nerve
ligamentum nuchae – location
- sheet of connective tissue in the neck
- runs along sagittal plane from EOP to spinous process of C-7
ligamentum nuchae – function
- main function is to stabilize head + neck
- also an attachment site for myo like trapezius + splenius capitus (since cervical spinous processes do not extend far enough for these superficial myo to attach)
transverse ligament of atlas – location
- thick, strong band that spans the anterior arch of the atlas, posterior to the dens (odontoid process of axis)
transverse ligament of atlas – function
- holds the dens (odontoid process of axis) in place
- keeps it from going into the spinal chord
- very important in SIDS research *
anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) – location
continuous sheet from C-3 to L-5 that covers anterior 1/3 of body of vertebrae
anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) – function
- very strong
- prevents extreme extension (back-bending)
- prevents anterior herniation of discs
posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) – location
continuous sheet from C-3 to L-5 that covers posterior body of vertebrae
posterior longitudinal ligament – function
not as strong as ALL (that’s why we have more spinal flexion than spinal extension)
ligamentum flavum – location
- attaches lamina of vertebra above to lamina of vertebra below (therefore bilateral)
- from C-2 thru L-1
interspinous ligament – location
- attaches spinous process of vertebra above to spinous process of vertebra below
- as opposed to supraspinous ligament, which attaches TIPS of adjacent spinous processes
supraspinous ligament
- continuous sheet that connects tips of spinous processes of thoracic + lumbar vertebrae
- extends inferiorly from ligamentum nuchae
ligaments of spine (deep to superficial)
- anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL)
- posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL)
- ligamentum flavum
- interspinous ligament
- supraspinous ligament
costovertebral joint
where ribs articulate w/ body of vertebra
costotransverse joint
where ribs articulate with TVP of vertebra
