Muscles (Exam 1) Flashcards
Trapezius attachments
Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum
to
clavicle, acromion, crest of spine of scapula
Trapezius innervation
Motor = CN XI (accessory nerve) Sensory = C3-4
Levator scapulae innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve
sensory
Trapezius action
Scapular elevation, depression, retraction, and upward rotation
Levator scapulae attachments
C1-C4 transverse processes
to
superior angle & border of scapula
Levator scapulae actions
scapular elevation and downward rotation
Rhomboids attachments (Major & Minor)
Major: T2-T5 spinal processes, Minor: ligamentum nuchae, C7-T1
TO
medial border of scapula
Rhomboids innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboids actions
scapular retraction, elevation, downward rotation
Serratus anterior attachments
Ribs 8-10
to
costal surface of medial border of scapula
serratus anterior innervation
long thoracic nerve
serratus anterior actions
scapular protraction and upward rotation
Latissimus dorsi attachments
Lower thoracic spinal processes, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
to
intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Latissimus dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
latissimus dorsi actions
adduction, extension, and medial rotation of humerus
pectoralis major attachments
clavicle, costal cartilage, sternum, aponeurosis of external oblique
to
lateral lip of intertuburcular sulcus of humerus
pectoralis major innervation
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
pectoralis major actions
adduction, flexion, medial rotation of humerus
pectoralis minor attachments
ribs 3-5 outer surface
to
coracoid process
pectoralis minor innervation
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
pectoralis minor actions
anterior scapula tilt, assists with depression & forced inspiration
subclavius attachments
1st rib
to
undersurface of clavicle
subclavius innervation
subclavian nerve
subclavius actions
depression & stabilizing clavicle
deltoid attachments
clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
to
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
deltoid actions
anterior portion: flexion and medial rotation
middle: abduction
posterior: extension and lateral rotation, horizontal extension
of humerus
Supraspinatus attachments
medial 2/3 of supraspinous fossa
to
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus and shoulder joint capsule
supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
supraspinatus actions
initiates humeral abduction and lateral rotation
stabilizes glenohumeral joint
infraspinatus attachments
medial 2/3 of infraspinous fossa
to
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus and shoulder joint capsule
infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
infraspinatus actions
lateral rotation of humerus
glenohumeral joint stabilization
teres minor attachments
upper 2/3 of dorsal surface of lateral border of scapula
to
inferior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus & joint capsule
teres minor innervation
axillary nerve
teres minor actions
lateral rotation of humerus
glenohumeral stabilization
subscapularis attachments
subscapular fossa
to
lesser tubercle of humerus
subscapularis innervation
upper & lower subscapular nerves
subscapularis actions
medial rotation of humerus
glenohumeral stabilization
teres major attachments
dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula & lower 1/3 of lateral border
to
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
teres major innervation
lower subscapular nerve
teres major actions
humeral adduction, medial rotation, extension
Internal (medial) rotators of the humerus
Pectoralis major Deltoid (anterior head) Teres major Latissimus dorsi Subscapularis
External (lateral) rotators of the humerus
Posterior head of the Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Teres minor
Upward rotators of the scapula
Trapezius
Serratus anterior
Downward rotators of the scapula
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids
Muscles that cause scapular retraction (adduction)
Rhomboids
Trapezius
Muscles that cause scapular protraction (abduction)
Serratus anterior
Serratus posterior superior
Pectoralis minor
Muscles innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae
Muscles innervated by the axillary nerve
Deltoid
Teres minor
Muscles innervated by the suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Muscles innervated by the lower subscapular nerve
teres major
subscapularis
Anconeus attachments
lateral epicondyle of humerus
to
lateral surface of the olecranon process
Anconeus actions
elbow extension
Anconeus innervation
radial nerve
Biceps brachii attachments
short head: coracoid process
long head: supraglenoid tubercle
to
radial tuberosity and deep antebrachial fascia
Biceps brachii actions
should & elbow flexion
forearm supination
biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
brachialis attachments
distal anterior shaft of humerus & lateral and medial intermuscular septa
to
coronoid process & ulnar tuberosity
brachialis actions
elbow flexion
brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous & small branch of radial n.
coracobrachialis attachments
coracoid process
to
proximal medial shaft of humerus
coracobrachialis actions
shoulder flexion and adduction
coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
triceps brachii attachments
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head), proximal posterolateral shaft of humerus (lateral head), and distal posteromedial shaft of humerus (medial head)
to
olecranon process of ulna
triceps brachii actions
shoulder extension (long head) elbow extension (long, medial, lateral heads)
triceps brachii innervation
radial nerve
brachioradialis attachments
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
to
distal radius lateral to styloid process
brachioradialis actions
elbow flexion
brachioradialis innervation
radial nerve
Elbow flexors
Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
elbow extensors
anconeus, triceps brachii
Muscles innervated by the radial nerve
triceps brachii, anconeus (small branch to brachialis)
Muscles innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
Abductor pollicis longus attachments
Proximal posterior radius, ulna, & interosseous membrane
To
Base of 1st metacarpal & trapezium
Abductor pollicis longus actions
Abducts & extends thumb (carpometacarpal joint)
Abducts hand at wrist (RADIAL DEVIATION)
Brachioradialis attachments
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
To
Distal radius later to styloid process
Brachioradialis action
Elbow flexion
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
To
Base of 3rd metacarpal
Extensor carpi radialis brevis actions
Extension & radial deviation
Extensor carpi ulnaris attachments
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
To
Base of 5th metacarpal
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extension and ulnar deviation
Extensor digitorum attachments
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
To
Extensor expansions of digits 2-5
Extensor digitorum action
Phalangeal extension & wrist extension
Extensor digiti minimi attachments
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
To
Digital expansion of 5th digit
Extensor digiti minimi action
Extension of 5th digit
Extensor indicis attachments
Posterior surface of ulna & interosseous membrane
To
Digital expansion of 2nd digit
Extensor indicis action
Extension of 2nd digit
Extensor pollicis brevis attachments
Posterior radial surface & interosseous membrane
To
Base of 1st proximal phalanx
Extensor pollicis brevis actions
Thumb extension
Extension & abduction of CMC joint
Extensor pollicis longus attachments
Middle 1/3 of posterior surface of ulna & interosseous membrane
To
Membrane of base of 1st distal phalanx
Extensor pollicis longus actions
Thumb extension
Flexor carpi radialis attachments
Medial epicondyle
To
Palmar aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
Flexor carpi radialis
Radial deviation
Wrist flexion
Flexor carpi ulnaris attachments
Medial epicondyle of humerus & proximal ulnar shaft
To
pisiform
Flexor carpi ulnaris actions
Ulnar deviation, wrist flexion
Flexor digitorum profundus attachments
Anterior proximal 2/3 of ulna
To
Base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum profundus actions
Digits 2-5 flexion, wrist flexion
Flexor digitorum superficialis attachments
Medial epicondyle
To
Side of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum superficialis actions
Flexion of digits and wrist
Flexor pollicis longus attachments
Anterior surface of radius
To
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Flexor pollicis longus action
Thumb flexion
Palmaris longus attachments
Medial epicondyle of humerus
To
Palmar aponeurosis
Palmaris longus actions
Wrist flexion, tenses palmar fascia
Pronation quadratus attachments
Anterior surface of distal ulna
To
Anterior surface of distal radius
Pronoator quadratus action
Forearm pronation
Pronation Teres attachments
Medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process
To
Lateral aspect of radius
Pronator Teres actions
Forearm flexion and pronation
Supinator attachments
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, & supinator crest of ulna
To
Lateral surface of proximal radius
Supinator action
Supinate forearm
Dorsal Interosseous actions
Abduct digits
Flexion at metacarpalphalangeal joints
Extension at interphalangeal joints via extensor expansions
Dorsal interossei innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Palmar interossei muscles are located where
Digits 2, 4, 5
Palmar interossei actions
Digit Adduction
Flexion at metacarpophalanageal joints
Extension of index, ring and pinky finger at IPJ
Palmar interossei innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Lumbrical actions
Refinement muscles
Flex at MCP
Extend at IPJ
Lumbrical innervation
1 & 2 = median nerve
3-4 = ulnar nerve
Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis
Median nerve
Innervation of flexor pollicis brevis
Recurrent branch of median nerve