LE Muscles Flashcards
Iliopsoas is a combination of what two muscles?
Ilacus, psoas major
Iliacus attachments
iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacral ala, sacroiliac ligaments
to
lesser trochanter of femer
Iliacus actions
Flexion and stabilization of hip joint
Peripheral and segmental innervation of iliacus
femoral nerve
L2, 3, 4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Psoas major
anterior transverse processes, vertebral bodies, & discs of T12-L5
to
lesser trochanter of femur
flexion and stabilization of hip joint
ventral rami of L1-L4
L1,2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Rectus Femoris
AIIS, groove superior to acetabulum
to
base of patella
flexion of hip, extension of knee
femoral nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Sartorius
ASIS to medial aspect of proximal tibia (pes anserine)
Flexion, abduction, lateral rotation of hip, flexion & assists of medial rotation of knee
Femoral nerve
L2-3
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Tensor Fasciae Latae
ASIS & external lip of iliac crest to IT tract
Abduction, flexion & medial rotation of hip, assists in maintaining knee extension
Superior gluteal nerve
L4,5,S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Vastus Intermedius
Anterior aspect of proximal 2/3 femoral shaft to lateral border of patella
Extension of knee
Femoral nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Vastus Lateralis
intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera to base & lateral patella
Knee extension
Femoral nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Vastus Medialis
intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera, supracondylar line to base and medial patella
Extend leg
Femoral nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Articularis genu
distal anterior shaft of femur to proximal portion of synovial membrane of knee joint
Pulls articular capsule proximally
Femoral nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Adductor brevis
inferior pubic ramus to distal 2/3 pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Adduction and flexion of hip
Obturator nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Adductor longus
pubic crest to medial lip of linea aspera
Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip
obturator nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Adductor magnus
inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus & tuberosity to gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (adductor part), medial supracondylar ridge, adductor tubercle of femur (hamstring part)
Adduction, flexion (adductor part), extension (hamstring part) of hip
Adductor part: obturator nerve, L2,3,4
Hamstring part: tibial division of sciatic nerve, L4,5,S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Gracilis
body of pubis & inferior pubic ramus to pes anserine
Flexion and medial rotation of knee, adduction of hip
Obturator nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Pectineus
superior pubic ramus to femur between lesser trochanter & linea aspera
Adducts, flexes hip
Femoral nerve & obturator nerve
L2,3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Obturator externus
from rami of the pubis and ischium, external surface obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa
lateral rotation of hip
obturator nerve
L3,4
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Superior gemellus
external surface spine of ischium via obturator internus tendon to greater trochanter
lateral rotation of hip
sacral plexus
L5, S1,2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Inferior gemellus
proximal ischial tuberosity via obturator internus tendon to greater trochanter
lateral rotation of hip
sacral plexus
L4,5, S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Gluteus maximus
aponeurosis of the erector spinae, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior gluteal line to greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity of the femu & IT tract
extension and lateral rotation of hip
inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1-2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Gluteus medius
from external iliac surface to the oblique ridge on the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter to gluteal aponeurosis
abduction and medial rotation of hip; keeps the pelvic level when opposite leg is raised
superior gluteal nerve
L4, 5, S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Gluteus minimus
external iliac surface and margin of the greater sciatic notch to the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter
abduction and medial rotation of hip; keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
superior gluteal nerve
L4, 5, S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Obturator internus
anterolateral wall of the pelvis & obturator membrane to the medial surface of the greater trochanter
lateral rotation of hip
nerve to he obturator internus from sacral plexus
L5, S1-2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Piriformis
anterolateral sacrum & posterior inferior iliac spine to the upper border of the greater trochanter
abduction and lateral rotation of hip
nerve to piriformis
S1-2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Quadratus femoris
from the ischial tuberosity to the quadrate tubercle of the femur
lateral rotation of hip
nerve to the quadratus femoris from sacral plexus
L4, 5, S1
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Biceps femoris
ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous ligament (long head); lateral lip of linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line (short head) to the lateral side of fibular head
flexion and lateral rotation of the knee (both heads)
extension of hip (long head only)
tibial division of sciatic (long head), fibular division of sciatic nerve (short head)
long head: L5, S1,2,3
short head: L5, S1,2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Semimembranosus
ischial tuberosity to posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle
extension of hip, flexion and medial rotation of knee
tibial division of the sciatic nerve
L4, 5, S1, 2
Name attachments, actions, peripheral and segmental innervation
Semitendinosus
ischial tuberosity to the proximal, medial tibia (pes anserine)
extension of hip, flexion and medial rotation of knee
tibial division of the sciatic nerve
L4, 5, S1, 2
Extensor digitorum longus
lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4 of fibula and interosseous membrane to the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5
ankle dorsiflexion, extension of 2-5 (IP & MP)
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Extensor hallucis longus
middle 1/2 of fibular surface & interosseous membrane to the distal phalangeal base of 1st toe
ankle dorsiflexion, extends great toe (MP & IP)
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Fibularis tertius
distal fibula and interosseous membrane to base of 5th metatarsal
ankle dorsiflexion, eversion
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Tibialis anterior
lateral condyle and proximal 2/3 of the tibia’s lateral surface and interosseous membrane to the medial cuneiform and adjacent 1st metatarsal
ankle dorsiflexion, inversion
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Fibularlis longus
head & proximal 2/3 of fibula to the lateral aspect of 1st metatarsal and adjacent medial cuneiform
eversion, anke plantarflexion, depresses 1st metatarsal head
superficial fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Fibularis brevis
distal 2/3 of tibula to lateral base of 5th metatarsal
eversion, plantarflexion
superficial fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Flexor digitorum longus
posterior tibia distal to the soleal line to the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases
plantarflexion, flexion of digits 2-5 (MP & IP)
tibial nerve
L5, S1, 2
Flexor hallucis longus
distal 2/3 of posterior fibular surface and interosseous membrane to the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe
plantarflexion, great toe flexion (MP & IP)
tibial nerve
L5, S1, 2
Gastrocnemius
posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsule to the posterior calcaneal surface
knee flexion, ankle plantarflexion
tibial nerve
S1, 2
Plantaris
lateral supracondylar line to posterior calcaneal surface
knee flexion, ankle plantarflexion
tibial nerve
L4, 5, S1
Popliteus
lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament to the soleal line of the tibia
NWB: medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion
WB: insertion is fixed; lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion
Unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion
tibial nerve
L4, 5, S1
Soleus
posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4 of fibula and tibial soleal line to the posterior calcaneal surface
plantarflexion
tibial nerve
L5, S1, 2
Tibialis posterior
interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface to the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4
inversion, plantarflexion
tibial nerve
L4, 5, S1
Abductor digiti minimi
calcaneal tuberosity to lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit
abduction and flexion of 5th digit
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Abductor hallucis
medial calcaneal tuberosity to medial side of proximal phalangeal base of great toe
flexion and abduction of great toe
medial plantar nerve
L4, 5, S1
Adductor hallucis
from 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) and distal ends of 3-5 metatarsal (transverse head) to lateral base of the proximal phalanx of great toe
adduction of great toe
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Extensor digitorum brevis
anterolateral calcaneus to dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx
extension of digits 2-5 (MP & IP)
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Extensor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum brevis to dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the hallux
extension of great toe at MTP joint
deep fibular nerve
L4, 5, S1
Quadratus plantae
medial surface of calcaneus and lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity to long flexor tendons
assists with flexor digitorum longus
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Flexor digitorum brevis
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity to sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5
flexion of toes (proximal IP)
medial plantar nerve
L4, 5, S1
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
5th metatarsal base to proximal phalangeal base
flexion of 5th digit (MP)
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Flexor hallucis brevis
cuboid & tendon of tibialis posterior to base of the proximal phalanx of great toe
flexion of great toe (MP)
medial plantar nerve
L4, 5, S1
Dorsal interossei
metatarsal shafts to proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansion of digits 2-4
abduction (MP) and flexion (MP) of digits 2-4
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Plantar interossei
plantar surface of base of metatarsals to dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5
adduction and flexion (MP) of digits 3-5
lateral plantar nerve
S1-2
Lumbricals
tendons of flexor digitorum longus to medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5
flexion of proximal phalanges (MP) and extension of IP joints
1: medial plantar nerve
2-4: lateral plantar nerve
